As an ideal alternative to traditional fuel vehicles, pure electric vehicles have been widely concerned by the domestic and foreign governments with the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection. However, due to the risk of electricity depletion in pure electric vehicles, users' worry about electricity shortage has become an important factor restricting the development of electric vehicles. On the other hand, the reasonable path planning for pure electric vehicles is not only conducive to improving the utilization rate of road resources, easing traffic congestion, but also of great significance to the energy utilization rate of vehicles and reducing emissions. The vehicle path planning problem is only based on the traffic status when the user is making a planning request, and giving several optional paths. However, the traffic environment is a dynamic constraint condition. Generally, users need to change the driving path in real time after driving for a certain period. Simultaneously, owing to the corresponding changes in the driving path, the remaining battery power of the vehicle also changes. Therefore, considering the real-time changes of traffic environment and the factors of vehicle energy consumption, it is of great significance to study the dynamic path planning of pure electric vehicles. According to many researches on route planning at home and abroad, this paper summarizes traffic congestion prediction, vehicle route planning and energy consumption estimation of pure electric vehicles, analyzes and summarizes the technical difficulties and research deficiencies in various fields. At the same time, the future research direction is also proposed.
