Table of Content

30 June 2009, Volume 15 Issue 3

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Communication and Information

Design of Lowpass Filter Using Complementary Open Loop Resonators

WANG Hui-Na, LI Guo-Hui, JIANG Xin-Hua

2009, 15(3):  221-224. 

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To improve the performance and selectivity of filter, a complementary openloop resonator (COLR) is proposed. A compact planar lowpass filter with COLR is designed, where the cascading filters consist of two COLRs and three open stubs. In this technique, the proposed filter has low insertionloss, good stopband characteristic and high selectivity up to 73.91 dB/GHz. To show the potential of the proposed approach, a compact S-band microstrip lowpass filter with COLRs was designed, fabricated and measured. The measured results well agree with the simulations.

Improved Localization Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

TIAN Jin-Feng, SHI Hui-Chang

2009, 15(3):  225-229. 

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In this paper, an improved range-ree localization algorithm in wireless sensor networks is proposed, termed the variable elasticity spring imitate location algorithm. The hops to anchor nodes and average distance for a hop can be determined in the primarystep in order to get node initial positions, and then refine the positions with an iterative procedure by adopting physics imitate. Simulation results show that the algorithm outperforms the DVHop algorithm in the same anchor fraction and average connectivity.

Simulation of Chinese Brush Based on Lengthening Spring-article Model

TANG Dan-Dan-1, Zhang-Wen-Dun-2

2009, 15(3):  230-234. 

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Chinese brush is an important tool in the digitalizing Chinese traditional ink-ash art. Based on the analysis of brush traits, a model of springparticle lengthening for simulation of Chinese brush is presented. The geometrical structure of brush is characterized more realistically with a spring which gradually increases in length. A dynamic equation of brush deformation is established based on the Newton’s second law, and solved with the Verlet integral method to improve computation efficiency. Simulations results show that the presented method for simulating Chinese brush and its movement is realistic and effective.

Mechatronics Engineering and Automation

urface Reconstruction of 3D Curved Surface Based on Information of Spatial Curvature

ZHENG Jin, JIAN Jin-Wu, CHEN Lin-Yong, ZHANG E-Nan

2009, 15(3):  235-237. 

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This paper presents a recursive method of reconstruction of 3D curved surface by using spatial curvature obtained from fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. A geometry model of solar array surface reconstruction is introduced. Expression of boundary constraints and equivalents of the surface’s middle curvature are presented. The geometry model of surface reconstruction is then translated into systems of nonlinear multivariable equations, and illustrated by numerical simulation. This provides a method for formation of the entire-surface.

Analysis and Comparison on Soft Grid-Connection forDoubly Fed Wind Power Generation

MA Yi-Wei, SHU Dun-Jie, TUN Guo-Xiang, CHEN Guo-Cheng

2009, 15(3):  238-244. 

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With growing capacity of wind power generator, the grid-connection technology increasingly attracts attention. Traditional methods can produce high impact current therefore threaten safety of generators and the power system. In recent years, variable speed, constant frequency and doubly fed wind power generation system gradually becomes the mainstream technology. Based on the system’s characteristics, two methods of soft gridconnection with doubly-fed generator are analyzed and compared. The mathematical model for prior gridconnection is established. A strategy for gridconnection control is proposed based on the grid voltage orientation. Simulation and experiments show that both methods can realize non-impact grid-connection and smoothly transition in the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control, even under changeable wind speeds. Both are ideal for doubly-fed wind power generation.

Controlling Ankle Movement in Neuro-rehabilitation Using Selective Surface Electromyography Signals

TAO Song-Li, ZHANG E-Nan, ZHANG Shen, CHEN Lin-Yong, JIAN Jin-Wu

2009, 15(3):  245-250. 

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The objective of this study is to control a device in realtime using surface electromyography (sEMG). The sEMG is collected from muscles of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius medium of healthy subjects by moving flexionextension of their ankle. The raw sEMG signals are processed, and their characteristic defined. Using the sEMG signals as a guide, the control theory is tested, showing feasibility of controlling ankle with sEMG signals.

Mathematics.Physics and Chemistry

Metric Extremum Properties of Radial P-th Mean Bodies of Simplices

WEI Dao-Bing, HE Bin-Wu, SHA Ji-Sheng

2009, 15(3):  251-253. 

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Let K be a convex body in Rn and M a simplex. Given volumes of the radial pth mean of convex bodies, if p≥n, then V(K)≥V(M); if -1<p≤n, then V(K)≤V(M). On the other hand, given volumes of convex bodies, if p≥n, then V(RpK)≤V(RpM); if -1

Smoothness of Orlicz-Bochner Sequence Spaces

ZHANG Shu-Ban, DAN Zhong-Dui

2009, 15(3):  254-258. 

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By using the generating function M and properties of the Banach space X, the criteria of smoothness for the Orlicz-Bochner sequence spaces endowed with the Luxemburg norm and the Orlicz norm are obtained.

Stability of Irregular Multi-avelet Frames

LI Xian-Jun, XIE Mo-Zhou

2009, 15(3):  259-264. 

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Under certain assumptions an irregular wavelet frame {a1/2l,jψl(al,j(·－bl,j,k)):1≤l≤r,j,k∈Z} in L2(R) remains a frame when the dilation sequences {al,j:1≤l≤r,j∈Z} and the translation parameters {bl,j,k:1≤l≤r,k∈Z} are perturbed. 

Strongly Splitting Systematic Authentication Codes

YANG Jian-Sheng, FENG Xian-Min

2009, 15(3):  265-271. 

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From the splitting systematic authentication codes, a new kind of codes that is strongly splitting systematic authentication codes is constructed. By studying relation between this special codes and general systematic authentication codes, a low bound of maximum probabilities of a successful impersonation PS*I for all those codes is derived if encoding rule distributions are equiprobable. Moreover, we seek the low bound PS*I  of (c1,c2,…,ck) style strongly splitting systematic authentication codes ci(i=1,2,…,k), and turn a given (c1,c2,…,ck) style strongly splitting systematic authentication codes into the same style of codes having minimal PS*I. 

Total Signed Local Domination Number in Graphs

DUAN Zhu-Rong-1, GAO Meng-Jing-2, GAO Rui-Beng-2

2009, 15(3):  272-275. 

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The graphs G=(V,E) considered here are finite, simple and without isolated vertices. For a function f:V∪E→{－1,1},weight of 〖WTBX〗f〖WTBZ〗 is ω(f)=∑〖DD(X〗x∈V∪E〖DD)〗 f(x). For each element 〖WTBX〗x〖WTBZ〗 in V∪E, we define f［x］=∑〖DD(X〗y∈〖WTBX〗N〖WTBX〗T(x)〖DD)〗f(y), where 〖WTBX〗NT〖WTBZ〗(〖WTBX〗x〖WTBZ〗) denotes adjacent and incident element of 〖WTBX〗x〖WTBZ〗. A total signed local dominating function (TSLDF) of 〖WTBX〗G〖WTBZ〗 is a function f:V∪E→{－1,1} so that f［x］≥1 for all x∈V∪E. The total signed local domination number of 〖WTBX〗G〖WTBZ〗 is the minimum weight of a TSLDF on 〖WTBX〗G〖WTBZ〗, denoted by γTsl(G). In this paper, some lower bounds in general graphs and an upper bound in complete bipartite graph 〖WTBX〗Km,n〖WTBZ〗 for γTsl, and the exact value on γTsl of cycle 〖WTBX〗Cn〖WTBZ〗 can be obtained.

Static Analysis of Axisymmetric Thermoelastic Thin Plate with Voids

LI Ying, CHENG Chang-Jun

2009, 15(3):  276-283. 

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In this paper, a model of thermoelastic thin plate with voids is established based on the theory of thermoelastic materials with voids. An analytic solution of the axisymmetric problem under static state is presented, and expressions of the deflection and voids are obtained with both fixed and simply supported boundary conditions. Numerical computation is carried out. Effects of voids and temperature on the deflection are considered. Influence of thickradius ratio of plate and temperature on deflection and the change in volume fraction are investigated.

Experimental Investigation on Atomization of Liquid Jet by Swirling Coaxial Gas

LIU Zheng, HU Guo-Hui, ZHOU Zhe-Wei

2009, 15(3):  284-289. 

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Breakup of a water jet by a swirling coaxial annular air jet is studied by phaseDoppler anemometry experimentally. To understand the influence of swirling gas on the liquid jet breakup, mean diameters of atomized particles are measured for different swirl ratios and velocities of gas. The range of critical swirl ratio, above which the liquid jet undergoes an explosive disintegration, is determined by analyses of the obtained Sauter mean diameter.

Analysis of Stability of Pile with Initial Bending

GAO Sha-1, SHU Yuan-Yuan-2, SHU Zheng-You-1

2009, 15(3):  290-295. 

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In this paper, stability and post-bucking of pile with initial bending are considered. For the nonlinear differentialintegral-equation modeled pile with initial bending, it was transformed into a boundary value problem of a system of ordinary differential equations by introducing new unknown functions. After describing the numerical method for solving the boundary value problem by shooting method and Newton-Raphson interactive method, a method for calculating the branch solution is proposed. Examples are given to show feasibility of the proposed method. Numerical results show that small initial bending of pile does not change the qualitative property of the branch solution of the pile. 

D’Alembert Motions for Couple Stress Fluids

FENG Su-Xiao-1, ZHANG Dao-Xiang-1, 2, LEI Zhi-Meng-1, LIU Yu-Liu-1

2009, 15(3):  296-300. 

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In this paper, some steady and unsteady solutions of D’Alembert motions for couple stress fluids have been abtained, by assuming that the stream function is a product of a function of space coordinate and a function of time.These exact solutions are helpful to understand the flow properties of couple stress fluids and can be served as accuracy checks for experimental, numerical and asymptotic methods.

Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Walls Used in Augmented Wind Turbines

LI Yu-Xiang, HUANG Dian-Gui

2009, 15(3):  301-305. 

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Wind energy is a clean and renewable energy, and much attention is being attracted to the use of wind energy. In this paper, a 3D model of wall augmented wind turbine is established. Numerical simulation is carried out by using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT. With the same upstream wind speed, the ratio of augmentation benefit of the wind turbine in different sizes and shapes of walls are calculated. Influence of the wall on the augmentation effect and its laws are acquired. The augmentation effects are then analyzed and optimized using the orthogonal method, and the rule of the augmentation effect of the wind walls obtained. The simulation study provides a reference for the experiment and construction of the wall augmented wind turbine.

Civil Engineering

Seismic Finite-Element Analysis of Buried Pipeline Based on Contact-Element

CHEN Jia-Wei, XIE Zhi-Meng, CHEN Ling-Li

2009, 15(3):  306-309. 

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There are some simple models of pipeline with clearly different results. Interaction between the pipeline and soil can be considered as pipesoil contact. Based on the pipesoil contact model, a 3D finiteelement model of buried pipeline and soil is established in the paper. Seismic responses of pipeline and the axis stress are given. Comparison among several methods including the standard method, a theoretical method, the beamsoilspring model and the proposed pipesoil contact model show that the results of simple models are too small and not safe enough.

Experimental Study on Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Shanghai’s Frozen Soils

CHEN Wei-Liang-1, CHANG Le-Qun-2, XU Shan-2, LUO Ren-An-3

2009, 15(3):  310-315. 

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Uniaxial compressive strength tests of 18 samples are conducted on 2 typical saturated frozen soft soils in Shanghai under various constant strain rates (1×10-3, 3×10-4, 5×10-5 s-1) and temperatures (-20, -10, -5 ℃). From the test results, several rules are obtained. (1) Compressive strength increases exponentially as strain rates increase. (2) Compressive strength increases linearly as temperature decreases. (3) Compressive strength of the saturated frozen soils with higher water content is higher than that of frozen soils with lower water content and compressive strength with higher dry density is lower than that with lower dry density. Parameters of exponential function concerning compressive, temperature and strain rate are derived. (4) Elastic modulus increases exponentially as logarithmic strain rates increase and decreases linearly as temperature increases. 

Improved Element Model for Nonlinear Reinforced Concrete Walls and Its Application

SHU Jie-Jiang, ZHENG Qiong, TIAN Kun

2009, 15(3):  316-319. 

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Although the existing shearwall model has high numerical precision, computation complexity and difficulties in the sampling process of each parameter have limited its application. In this paper, a simple wall element model based on the nonlinear element model for beams by comparing the existing models is proposed. The proposed model is composed of beam element representing axial deformation and flexural deformation only, and shear element representing shearing only. The stiffness matrix of the proposed element is also established. An example is calculated and compared with the tested results, showings that the model test has relatively good accuracy.

Life Science

Effects of PNS on Blood Lipids and mRNA Expression of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 in Atherosclerotic Rats

HU Dun, CHEN Zhong-Chen, CHEN Yun, WENG Xin-Chu

2009, 15(3):  320-325. 

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The effect of Panax notoginseng (PNS) on blood lipids and expression of aorta vascular cell adhesion moleculel of experimental atherosclerotic rats was studied. Atherosclerotic rats were replicated by administration of excessive vitamin D3 followed by feeding a highcholesterol diet. Experimental rats were divided into normal control group, model group, PNS low dosage group, PNS high dosage group, and simvastatin group. After treatment for 4 weeks, cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDLc), high density lipoprotein (HDLc), malondialdehyde (MDA) level and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected. Aorta alteration of tissue morphology was observed by HematoxylinEosin staining. Half-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect VCAM-1 gene expression in artery vessel. High and lowdosages of PNS were significantly reduce serum TC, TG, LDLc and MDA levels, elevate HDLc and SOD activity in atherosclerotic rats (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The histopathological observation of aortic arch showed alleviation of atherosclerotic damage by PNS. VCAM1 mRNA expression was significantly inhibited by PNS (P<0.01). PNS can regulate down the gene expression of VCAM-1 in artery vessels of experimental atherosclerotic rats, which may account for the antiatherosclerosis effects of PNS.

Preliminary Analysis of Volatile Compounds of Bay Leaves

MIAO Gong-Lin, WENG Xin-Chu

2009, 15(3):  326-330. 

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Volatile constituents of bay (Laurus nobilis L.) were analyzed by simultaneous distillationextraction (SDE) combined with gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GCMS). A total of 36 compounds were identified. The volatile compounds in bay leaves mainly consist of 1,8cineole, αterpinyl acetate, αterpineol, methyl eugenol, spathulenol, limonene, and γterpinene. The odor activity values (OAVs) of the compounds showed that 1,8cineole, sabinene, αpinene, linalool, humulene, eugenol, terpinene, terpinen4ol, βcarophyllene, and mytenal contributed mostly to the characteristic odor of bay leaves which smells warmly faint scent and aroma.