[Objective] To explore the connection between blood lipid levels in early pregnancy and the risk of preeclampsia. [Methods] To analyze 272 cases with preeclampsia who received routine examination and gave birth in International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January to December in 2015. Controls were 300 healthy pregnant women at the same stage of delivery. The levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein A (ApoA), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and lipoprotein a (LPa) were detected in early pregnancy ((11+3)~(13+6) weeks), and atherosclerosis index (AI), TC/HDL, TG/HDL, LDL/HDL and ApoB/ApoA were calculated. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to predict preeclampsia. [Results] The levels of TG, LDL, ApoB, AI, TC/HDL, TG/HDL, LDL/HDL and ApoB/ApoA of the preeclampsia group were significantly higher than those of the control group ($P\!<\!0.05$). There were no significant differences in the levels of TC, LPa, HDL and ApoA between the two groups ($P\!>\!0.05$). The ROC curve indicated that TG/HDL had predictive value for preeclampsia ($P\!<\!0.05$). Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.843, the critical value was 1.49, sensitivity 67.7%, specificity 91.7%. [Conclusion] Patients with preeclampsia had significant abnormal hyperlipidemia metabolism in early pregnancy. TG/HDL may be a reference predictor of the risk of preeclampsia.
