贵屿表层土壤中多溴联苯醚的水平与儿童健康风险

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2016.01.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在广东省贵屿镇采集了12个地点的表层土壤样品, 测定了其中14种多溴联苯醚(polybrominated diphenyl ethers, PBDEs)同系物的含量. 结果表明: 该地区已受到了PBDEs 的污染, PBDEs 浓度在76.5～13 354.0 ng/g干重之间, 远高于国内外其他地区. BDE209 为最主要的同系物, 其次为BDE47, BDE99 和BDE183, 说明该地区污染主要源于十溴工业品, 其次为五溴和八溴工业品. 通过总日摄入量和日吸收量来评估儿童通过土壤暴露PBDEs 的量, 并采用非致癌危险商数(hazard quotient, HQ)对其带来的风险进行评估. 结果表明: 通过皮肤接触和口服暴露的PBDEs 的平均日摄入量分别为31.1～5 430.0 和7.7～1 335.0 ng,皮肤接触摄入是其暴露人体的主要途径; 若考虑到吸收率, 则平均日摄入量降到0.3～54.3 和1.3～184.0 ng, 口服摄入是其主要暴露途径. 在两种情况下, HQ 值均小于1, 表明土壤中的PBDEs 并不会给当地儿童带来显著的非致癌健康风险.

关键词: , , , 表层土壤 , 多溴联苯醚 , 健康风险评估, 日暴露量

Abstract:

A total of 12 surface soil samples were collected from Guiyu of Guangdong Province, and the concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) including 14 congeners were determined. The results showed that the area was contaminated by PBDEs. The total concentrations of PBDEs ranged from 76.5 to 13 354.0 ng/(g dw) (dw meas dry weight), which were much higher than other regions. Among the 14 congeners, BDE209 was the prominent congener, followed by BDE47, BDE99, and BDE183, which indicated that technical Deca-BDE product was the main source of the PBDEs in the sampling sites, and technical Penta- and Oct-BDEs were also the important contributors. The estimated daily intakes and uptakes of PBDEs via oral ingestion and dermal contact by children were calculated, and the associated health risks at non-carcinogenic endpoint were assessed by using hazard quotient (HQ). The results showed that the estimated daily intakes of PBDEs vary from 31.1 to 5 430.0 and from 7.7 to 1 335.0 ng/d, respectively, and the dermal contact was the main pathway. Whereas, when the uptake efficiency of PBDEs was added into the calculation, the estimated daily uptakes of PBDEs decreased to 0.3～54.3 and 1.3～184.0 ng/d, respectively, and the oral ingestion was the main pathway then. In both cases, the HQ values were much less than 1, indicating that PBDEs in the area would not lead significant health risk to the local children.

Key words: surface soil , daily exposure , health risk assessment, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)

娄素芳1, 王欣欣1, 姜子岸1, 陆少游2, 余应新1. 贵屿表层土壤中多溴联苯醚的水平与儿童健康风险[J]. 上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 22(2): 141-150.

LOU Sufang1, WANG Xinxin1, JIANG Zi’an1, LU Shaoyou2, YU Yingxin1. Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in surface soil of Guiyu and the associated health risk to children[J]. Journal of Shanghai University（Natural Science Edition）, 2016, 22(2): 141-150.

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