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30 August 2012, Volume 18 Issue 4
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Communication and Information
Compact Dual-Band Bandpass Filter Using Folded Stepped Impedance Resonator
MA De-Chen, XIAO Zhong-Yin, XIANG Liang-Liang, HUANG Chun-Yan, KOU Xin, TUN Xiao-Huan
2012, 18(4): 331-334. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.001
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A novel compact dualband bandpass filter (BPF) is designed for applications of wireless local area network (WLAN) IEEE 802.11 b/a (2.4/5.2 GHz). The filter is composed of folded stepped impedance resonators (SIRs) and two stubs with one transmission zero. The two passbands are centered at the basic resonant frequency and the firstorder spurious frequency. To match the input and output impedances and improve performance of the two passbands, a tapline is used to feed the coupling resonator at zero degree. Simulation results show that the two center frequencies are located at the desired 2.4 and 5.2 GHz with 3 dB fractional bandwidths of 6.3% and 3.4%, respectively. The measured results are in general agreement with the simulation results.
ContentBased Image Retrieval Using Perceptual Image Hashing
PEI Bei, WANG Shuo-zhong, NI Li-jia
2012, 18(4): 335-341. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.002
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This paper proposes a method of perceptual image hashing to be used in contentbased image retrieval (CBIR). The method is based on an analysis of color and shape/pattern features. The image is first scaled to a standard size, with the pixels classified into 11 categories according to the HSV parameters. From each category, features such as brightness, size and shape are extracted and used to construct the image hash. Since features extracted contain shape and pattern information apart from color, they can effectively represent the image contents. The features are properly weighted to form a hash used in CBIR. Experimental results confirm effectiveness of the proposed method.
Hybrid SpatialFrequency Domain Sub-pixel Image Registration with Wavelet Pyramid
CHEN Yue-jun, SUN Guang-ling,YAO Heng
2012, 18(4): 342-348. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.003
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Image superresolution reconstruction is a process of reconstructing a highresolution image from a set of lowresolution images of the same scene. It can be achieved in two steps: registering all low-resolution images at sub-pixel accuracy, and using the registered low-resolution images to reconstruct a superresolution image. This paper proposes a novel method of subpixel image registration. Preliminary registration is done using the Vandewalle’s method with only the approximation of subimages in the Haar domain. Fine registration is achieved using an improved Keren’s method. Registration is then conducted in a pyramid fashion, and the registered results of all layers are accumulated. In terms of registration accuracy and reconstruction quality, experiments demonstrate that the proposed method has better performance as compared to the improved Keren’s method and Vanderwalle’s method even though the shift and rotation are large.
Image Retargeting Based on Visual Saliency Using Sparse Coding
HAN Biao,YANG Wei-ying,ZHENG Yu-ting
2012, 18(4): 349-354. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.004
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Image retargeting is a technique of adapting images to different aspect ratio for various display terminals such as cellphone, personal digital assistant (PDA) and projector. This paper proposes a method to deal with the problem using visual saliency. The method includes two steps: computing a saliency map, and modifying the image to suit different aspect ratio. A novel visual saliency model is used. The model indicates the weighted sparse coding residual as visual saliency. In the step of weighted resizing, a fast algorithm is proposed. It is a fast image adaptive process with no obvious distortion. The experimental results indicate the robust and effectiveness of the proposed method with different images.
Dynamic Source Routing Protocol with Quality of Service Support in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
TAN Yin,SONG Ying-xiong,ZHOU Shu-jia,ZHANG Jian,GUO Xiao-chuan
2012, 18(4): 355-359. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.005
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With widespread applications of wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs), quality of service (QoS) is required to be supported in the transmission of video, audio and image. This paper proposes a supporting QoS routing algorithm based on the dynamic source routing (DSR) protocol—Q-DSR, which can ensure the bandwidth requirement. Simulation results show that, compared to DSR, QDSR reduces network delay and improves the utilization rate of network, and thus meets the QoS requirement.
Analysis of RSSIBased Distance Measurement at Different Antenna Heights
JIN Yan-liang,XUE Yong,ZHANG Yong,WANG Huan,TAN Li-xiong
2012, 18(4): 360-364. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.006
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Transmitted power, length and angle of antenna, and signal frequency have much impact on the variation of received signal strength indication (RSSI). By a large number of experiments in indoor environment, the influence of the antenna height on the RSSI and the ranging accuracy is analyzed. The results show that it is feasible for indoor ranging using 433 MHz wireless signal when the appropriate antenna height is selected.
Mathematics.Physics and Chemistry
Rational Interpolation of Lagrange-Type Matrix in Inner Product Space
GU Chuan-qing, ZHANG Ke, WANG Feng
2012, 18(4): 365-370. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.007
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This paper proposes three different procedures for matrixvalued rational interpolation of a function F (z), where F:C→C
N×N
, and devises an algorithm for selecting interpolation points of rational iterpolants with prescribed poles. Additionally, a numerical example is used to demonstrate effectiveness of the presented methods.
A New Simple Exact and Smooth Penalty Function
ZHENG Fang-ying1,2,ZHANG Lian-sheng1
2012, 18(4): 371-375. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.008
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By adding one variable, a new simple exact and smooth penalty function is proposed for general constrained optimization problems. Under weaker constraint qualification assumptions, it is proved that when the penalty parameter is sufficiently large, the local minimizer of this penalty function is the local minimizer of a primal problem.
Extremal Problems for Sylvester Type Functionals
WANG Guang-ting
2012, 18(4): 376-378. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.009
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This paper defines a new Sylvester type functional A(K). Using the method of shadow systems, the extremal problems of A(K) are studied. When K is a ellipsoid, A(K) attains its minimum value. In a plane, A(K) attains its maximum value when Kis a triangle. When K is symmetric, the corresponding example is parallelogram.
Strain Characteristics of Long Period Fiber Gratings Written by Femtosecond Lasers
LU Jun-hui,SHI Jie-long,CHEN Yuan-yuan,SUN Wei-sheng
2012, 18(4): 379-383. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.010
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This paper proposes a direct, pointbypoint inscription of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) in standard communication coated fibers using an infrared femtosecond laser. The characteristics of axial strain of the coated LPFGs are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The results show that the presence of coating not only strengthens the mechanical robustness but also effectively reduces the shift of the resonant wavelength caused by an applied strain. The coated LPFGs can be modified as bandreject filter and gain equalizer, which show good mechanical reliability and strain stability of resonant wavelength
Analysis of Shanghai Composite Index Time Series Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition
CAI Yun-shu,LU Zhi-ming
2012, 18(4): 384-389. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.011
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Shanghai composite index (SCI) is decomposed into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and a residual using the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method. Fluctuation properties of each IMF are obtained. A basic statistic analysis and fitting on the distribution of the IMFs reveal that the “leptokurtosis, fattailed” characteristics of IMFs obey tdistribution with a degree of freedom 3. Fluctuation cycles and characteristics on widely concerned time scales, such as week, month, half year, etc are obtained. Particularly, fluctuation properties of typical rising and dropping periods are analyzed.
Flowing Rule of Plastic Strain Based on Least Energy Dissipation Principle
WANG Hong1,2,YUAN Hong1,XIA Xiao-zhou2,3,ZHANG Qing3
2012, 18(4): 390-395. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.012
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Based on the assumption of least energy dissipation, a general expression of flowing criterion of plastic strain is derived. This formula has a cross couple term of current stress and a plastic softness increment matrix that do not exist in the classic plastic flowing criteria. Due to this cross couple term, the plastic deformation does not always flow along the normal direction of yield function surface, making the intrinsic mechanism of shearing dilation characteristics for quasibrittleness material well discovered. With the plastic strain flowing equation, increment iteration is conducted. The evolvement process of plastic deformation for soil sample subject to axial and surrounding pressure is then simulated. The fracture form of the simulation is similar to the experimental results. Finally, the slippage fracture process of a soil slope is modeled with the flowing criterion of plastic strain. The fracture form conforms to the practical case, showing that the flowing rule is rational and reliable. Therefore the numerical method based on the new flow rule has a good prospect of applications.
Effects of Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pumps Performance with Gap Drainage Blades
LI Sui-bo1,WEI Pei-ru2,CHEN Hong-xun1
2012, 18(4): 396-400. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.013
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Efficiency of low specific speed centrifugal pump is low and difficult to improve due to larger diameter, smaller outlet width of the impeller and serious channel diffusion. However, gap drainage technology has significantly improved pump performance. In order to analysis the effects of gap drainage blades on different low specific speed centrifugal pumps performance, the conventional and gap drainage impellers of different specific speed were designed, and the same specific speed impellers were tested in the same volutes, respectively. The experimental results show that gap drainage technology effectively improved the performance of distortion blade impellers. The degree and region of impact on low specific speed centrifugal pumps performance varies with specific speed. The smaller wrap angel and gap, the more favorable to improve performance.
Predictive Analysis of Slurry Shield Crossing Beneath Existing Tunnel
NING Yin1,2,FENG Wei1,MA Yong-qi1,3,ZHU Bin2
2012, 18(4): 401-407. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.014
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This paper established a 3D nonlinear finite element model with Abaqus based on actual geological conditions and construction parameters. By simulating the construction process of slurry shield crossing beneath existing tunnel, deformation and stress of the tunnel, and the subsidence of ground in the slurry shield tunnel construction are calculated and analyzed.〖HJ〗 The impacts of slurry shield construction on the existing tunnel are predicted. Comparison with the measured data shows that the calculation is reliable. The results provide usful guidance to the project, and may by used as a reference for analyses of similar projects.
Environmental and Chemical Engineering
Composition Characteristics of Humic Substances in Wusong Estuary Coastal Wetland Sediment
ZHONG Cheng-lin,LIU Xiao-yan,ZHANG Xin-ying,CAO Zheng-nan,LIU Fa-hui,LIU Shan-shan,CHEN Li-sha,HU Yan
2012, 18(4): 408-412. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.015
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Humic substances have important influences on dissipation of pollutants in soil. According to Pallo classification method, the three fractions of fulvic acid (FA), humic acid (HA) and humin (HM) were separated from the sediment in the Wusong estuary coastal wetland. The optical property Δlog K, infrared spectra and elemental composition of the humic fractions were analyzed. The results indicated that the content of humic substances in the Wusong estuary coastal wetland was 3.20 g/kg, and FA and HM were 40% and 55% of the total humic substances, respectively. Moreover, the Δlog K value of FA was higher than HA’s, showing that the degree of evolution and aromatization of FA was low. The main functional groups of FA and HA were —CH
2
, —CH
3
, —COOH, C=O and —CH
2
, —CH
3
,—COOH, C=C, respectively. Humic substances in the Wusong estuary coastal wetland belonged to low degree of humification and aromatization. The aromatization degree of humic substances was gradually enhanced by FA
Relative Quantification of Hepcidin Gene Transcripts in
Pseudosciaena crocea
CAI Ling1,WU Man-li1,FAN Dan-qing1,YANG Ming2
2012, 18(4): 413-418. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.016
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Two housekeeping genes, 18S rRNA and βactin, were cloned as endogenous genes for relative quantification of an antimicrobial peptide hepcidin in large yellow croakers (
Pseudosciaena crocea
) using the realtime RTPCR. In comparision of the slopes of the relative standard curves between the two endogenous genes and the target gene, a relative quantification method for hepcidin gene using 18S rRNA as the calibrator gene was established. Results obtained with this method were consistent with the rusults from Northernblot, suggesting feasibility and effectiveness of the method. This paper provides an effective method to investigate expression patterns and induction profiles of the hepcidin gene in large yellow croakers, and other immunityrelated genes in fish bodies. The cloned fragments of 18S rRNA and βactin genes from the large yellow croaker have been submitted to the GenBank, which have provided accession numbers.
Distribution Characteristics of Macrobenthos in Wet Season in Upper Ganjiang River Basin
YU Fei,DING Guo-ji,ZHENG Le-ping,MU Li,ZHANG Ming
2012, 18(4): 419-424. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.017
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33 macrobenthos including 23 mollusks, 7 annelids and 3 arthopods were recorded from 70 sample stations in upper Ganjiang River basin during June and July in 2009. The dominant species were
Corbicula fluminea
and
Rivularia auriculata
. According to the confluence and habitat of branches, upper Ganjiang River basin was divided into 6 areas for understanding the distribution characteristics of macrobenthos community. Analyses on diversity, multidimensional scaling and other factors indicate that the different areas have different structures of macrobenthos community. However, among all 6 areas, the area with the least anthropogenic disturbance had the largest number of species, the highest abundance and biomass, the highest ShannonWiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index.
Life Science
Efficacy of Compound of
Ganoderma lucidum
and
Astragalus
Extracts on TumorBearing Mice Treated by Cyclophosphamide
ZHANG Jia-jun,LIAO Xian-yan,WENG Xin-chu
2012, 18(4): 425-429. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.018
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Effects of the compound of
Ganoderma lucidum
and
Astragalus
extracts on immunity and tumor of mice treated by cyclophosphamide (CTX) were investigated. The mice were given both compounds of Ganoderma lucidum and Astragalus extracts by gavage and CTX by peritoneal injection for two weeks after the mouse model bearing S180 tumor were produced. Then the antitumor effect, the thymus index, spleen index and the amount of white blood cells (WBCs) and red blood cells (RBCs) were observed and determined. Compared with the CTX group, the middle and high dose group of Ganoderma lucidum and Astragalus extracts significantly enhanced the effect of CTX on inhibiting the growth of S180 tumor (P<0.01), and prominently relieve thymic atrophy (P<0.01) and leucopenia (P<0.05, P<0.01) caused by CTX in mice. The compound of Ganoderma lucidum and Astragalus extracts showed synergy and attenuation of CTX in tumor therapy. Its efficacy was equivalent to that of single folium Ganoderma lucidum extract, which largely reduced the cost of single folium Ganoderma lucidum extract with a great economical value.
Optimization of Extraction and Electrophoresis of Prolamin from
Sorghum sudanense
seeds
DENG Zhi-rui,SUN Jing-jing,ZHANG Wen-ju,CHEN Qin
2012, 18(4): 430-434. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.019
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This paper studies the effects of different extraction solution, ratio of sampleweight to extractionsolution and concentrations of reduction reagent dithiothreito (DTT) on extraction efficiency and quality of electrophoresis of prolamin from seeds of
Sorghum sudanense
. Contribution of the gel concentration and loading dosage to the results of SDSPAGE were analyzed by evaluating the electrophoresis. The results show that 70% propylalcohol supplemented with 0.2% DTT is the best extraction solution and the ratio of sampleweight to extractionsolution 1∶8 (g/mL) can give optimal results. SDSPAGE of 12% produces the best clearance for electrophoresis under a loading appropriate sample. Established condition based on prolamin from seeds of Sorghum sudanense can be applied to isolation and electrophoresis for prolamins from several other gramineae seeds with good results.
Screening and Characterization of Two PhenolDegrading Gene Clusters from
Cupriavidus metallidurans
CH34
LI Li,ZHANG Jun-ya,TANG Yuan-ping,SONG Ren-tao,ZHU Chen-guang
2012, 18(4): 435-440. doi:
10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2012.04.020
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Cupriavidus metallidurans
(C.metallidurans) CH34 is a kind of heavy metalresistant bacterium, whose genome own two phenoldegrading gene clusters and can grow on the medium that has phenol, cresol, benzoic acid, aniline as sole carbon and energy source. By using vector pIndigoBAC 5, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of
C.metallidurans
CH34 was constructed and thirty thousand clones were obtained, from which 98% of the clones had an insertion fragment with average size of 30 kb. It was deduced that the whole BAC library size is about 1 240 times of the genome size. More than 3 000 clones were screened with PCR and nine positive clones were obtained: five with longer gene clusters and four with shorter clusters. Two clones with total length of phenoldegrading gene cluster were used to study its expression in
Escherichia coli
(
E.coli
) on the medium using phenol as the sole carbon source. The results indicate that both clones have the ability to degrade phenol, and the one carrying a shorter cluster shows stronger ability than that of the one with longer cluster.
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