多环芳烃在新安江河流-水库体系表层沉积物中的分布、来源及生态风险评估

doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.2017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(gas chromatography-mass spectrometer,GC-MS)分析了新安江河流-水库体系表层沉积物样品中16种优控多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)的含量. 结果表明,16种PAHs在表层沉积物样品中均有不同程度的检出, 总浓度($\sum_{16}$PAHs)范围是260~1 652 ng/g dw (dry weight, 干重),平均值为 973 ng/g dw, 以高分子量的PAHs为主. $\sum_{16}$PAHs值最高的区域是兰江(1 530 ng/g dw),最低值出现在水库中心库区(600 ng/g dw). PAHs源解析表明,底泥中PAHs可能主要来源于煤和木材的燃烧. 参考已有研究的分类标准,发现新安江上游、水库中心库区和富春江表层沉积物中PAHs处于中等污染水平,而水库回流区和兰江沉积物受到PAHs的污染较大. 通过生态风险分析,发现所有底泥样品均可能存在急性毒理效应, 但不存在频发性急性毒理效应.

关键词: 多环芳烃, 河流-水库, 沉积物, 来源, 生态风险

Abstract:

The gas chromatography coupled with a mass selective detector was used to separate and quantify the 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments from Xin'anjiang River-reservoir system in southeast China. Sixteen PAHs were detected in all sediment samples and the total concentrations of 16 PAHs ranged from 260 to 1 652 ng/g dw (dry weight) with an average of 973 ng/g dw. The high molecular weight PAHs were the dominant compounds. The highest concentration was found at Lanjiang River (1 530 ng/g dw), while the lowest was found at the central area of Xin'anjiang reservoir (600 ng/g dw). The diagnostic parameters showed that the wood and coal combustion might be the main source of PAHs. Based on the classification of existing research, the sediments from upstream of Xin'anjiang River, central area of Xin'anjiang reservoir and Fuchunjiang River were slightly polluted, but the sediments from the backwater region of Xin'anjiang reservoir and Lanjiang River were severely contaminated. As the result of the ecological risk assessment shows, there will be occasional adverse effect, but no frequent adverse effect.

Key words: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), river-reservoir, sediment, source, ecological risk

中图分类号:

X820

刘烨, 王玉洁, 汪福顺, 梁霞, 陈学萍, 杨明, 马静. 多环芳烃在新安江河流-水库体系表层沉积物中的分布、来源及生态风险评估[J]. 上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 26(1): 113-122.

Ye LIU, Yujie WANG, Fushun WANG, Xia LIANG, Xueping CHEN, Ming YANG, Jing MA. Occurrence, sources and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments from Xin'anjiang River-reservoir system[J]. Journal of Shanghai University（Natural Science Edition）, 2020, 26(1): 113-122.

图/表 5

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