校园大气环境不同高度PM2.5的物理化学特征比较

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2014.04.001

上海大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2015, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1): 64-71.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2014.04.001

校园大气环境不同高度PM_2.5的物理化学特征比较

张荣驰, 龙凌, 吕森林, 刘丁彧, 郝晓洁, 张文超, 刘品威

上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444

收稿日期:2014-03-06 出版日期:2015-02-28 发布日期:2015-02-28
通讯作者: 吕森林(1966—), 男, 研究员, 博士生导师, 博士, 研究方向为环境毒理学. E-mail:senlinlv@shu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41273127)

Comparation of physicochemical characterization of PM_2.5 collected at different heights in the air above campus

ZHANG Rong-chi, LONG Ling, LÜ Sen-lin, LIU Ding-yu, HAO Xiao-jie, ZHANG Wen-chao, LIU Pin-wei

School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

Received:2014-03-06 Online:2015-02-28 Published:2015-02-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大气细颗粒物(PM_2.5)已经成为影响我国大气环境质量和人们身体健康的首要污染物. 作为青少年集中学习和生活的校园环境的空气质量状况已经成为多方关注的热点. 为研究校园环境大气细颗粒物的空间分布状况及其物理化学特征, 在不同高度(5, 40 m)设立采样点, 同步采集大气PM_2.5样品, 利用高分辨扫描电子显微镜-X射线能谱仪(scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer, SEM-EDS)分析了不同高度和不同时间段校园大气环境中PM_2.5的微观组成、化学组分, 得出如下主要结论: 校园环境PM_2.5的微观组分主要有燃煤飞灰颗粒、矿物颗粒(原生的和新生的矿物颗粒)、烟尘集合体以及无法鉴定的颗粒物; 5 m高度处采集的颗粒物的质量浓度和数浓度均高于40 m高度处, 5 m高度处PM_2.5的矿物颗粒相对较多, 而40 m高度处PM_2.5的烟尘集合体相对较多; 晚上样品中颗粒物数量和种类都比白天要多.

关键词: 不同高度, 来源识别, 物化特征, 细颗粒物

Abstract: PM_2.5 has become a major air pollutant. Air quality in campus has close relationship with the health of young people. This study focuses on mass concentration and physicochemical characterization of PM_2.5 collected at different heights above a campus. Ambient PM_2.5 particles were sampled synchronously at two heights (5 m and 40 m). Microscopic character and its chemical composition of the fine particles were characterized using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS). The following results are obtained. Mineral particles, soot aggregates and fly ash are ubiquitous in the campus PM_2.5, and gypsum particles, unknown particles can also be found. Mass and number concentrations at 5 m are higher than that of PM_2.5 collected at 40 m. The numbers of mineral particles in PM_2.5 collected at 5 m are more than that of fine particles sampled at 40 m. Soot aggregates in the PM_2.5 at 40 m are more abundant than that at 5 m. Both the particle types and the number of mineral particles collected during daytime are less than that sampled at night.

Key words: different heights, fine particulate matter, physicochemical characterization, source apportionment

中图分类号:

X 513

张荣驰, 龙凌, 吕森林, 刘丁彧, 郝晓洁, 张文超, 刘品威. 校园大气环境不同高度PM_2.5的物理化学特征比较[J]. 上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 21(1): 64-71.

ZHANG Rong-chi, LONG Ling, LU Sen-lin, LIU Ding-yu, HAO Xiao-jie, ZHANG Wen-chao, LIU Pin-wei. Comparation of physicochemical characterization of PM_2.5 collected at different heights in the air above campus[J]. Journal of Shanghai University（Natural Science Edition）, 2015, 21(1): 64-71.

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校园大气环境不同高度PM_2.5的物理化学特征比较

Comparation of physicochemical characterization of PM_2.5 collected at different heights in the air above campus

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校园大气环境不同高度PM2.5的物理化学特征比较

Comparation of physicochemical characterization of PM2.5 collected at different heights in the air above campus

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校园大气环境不同高度PM_2.5的物理化学特征比较

Comparation of physicochemical characterization of PM_2.5 collected at different heights in the air above campus