关键词: 农作物, 重金属, 作物累积, 粪肥, 菇渣

Abstract: The effects of applying the culturing residues of Agaricus bisporus and Flammulina velutipes, pig manure and cattle manure on the growth of and heavy metal accumulation in the crops were studied through two field experiments. The content of heavy metals such as Cu and Zn in pig manure was significantly higher than that of the mushroom residues and cow manure. The content of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in Agaricus bisporus residue was significantly higher than that of Flammulina velutipes residue, which was related to the addition of a small amount of chicken manure to the culture base of Agaricus bisporus. The applications of the mushroom residues and manures have significant effects on yield increase. The yield of green pepper in the pig manure treatment was significantly higher than the other fertilization treatments. In pig manure treatment, the heavy metals of Cu, Pb, and Cd in crops are mainly concentrated in the roots; the content of Zn, Pb, and Cd in green pepper fruits increased significantly; the content of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in rice increased significantly. However, the heavy metal content of green pepper and rice are within the safe range of food. The treatment of Agaricus bisporus residue significantly increased Cd in the roots of green peppers and increased Pb content in the fruits. In the treatment of Agaricus bisporus residue in a double amount, heavy metals are mainly concentrated in the roots of rice; the content of Pb and Cd in rice also increased significantly. The long-term application of pig manure and Agaricus bisporus residue will cause heavy metal accumulation risks in the soil and crops, which should be paid high attention to. In contrast, the application of Flammulina velutipes residue and cow manure has a lower risk of heavy metal accumulation in soil and crops

Key words: crop, heavy metals, crop accumulation, manure, mushroom residue