基于 PM2.5 中的黑碳变化探究上海冬季典型污染过程

doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.2025

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

2016 年 11 月 29 日—12 月9日, 上海连续发生两起大气污染事件,最高小时 PM_2.5 质量浓度分别达到 119 和 179 ug/m³. 利用黑碳 (black carbon, BC) 仪的在线观测数据,结合大流量 PM_2.5 滤膜样品的化学组成数据——有机碳 (organiccarbon, OC)、元素碳 (element carbon, EC)、水溶性离子、金属元素,观察两次污染过程中 PM_2.5 的化学组成和来源变化. 结果表明,在两次污染过程中,污染期的平均 PM_2.5 质量浓度分别是洁净期的 4.2 和 3.9 倍,而平均黑碳质量浓度仅为洁净期的 1.6 和 1.9 倍.污染期的最高黑碳质量浓度为 8.94 ug/m³,占 PM_2.5 的百分比为 22.0%. 在两次污染过程中,洁净期的平均黑碳质量浓度占 PM_2.5 的百分比分别为 11.8% 和 7.5%,显著高于污染期的 4.4% 和 3.7%. 污染期的二次污染严重,平均二次污染物分别占 PM_2.5 的百分比为 41.8% 和 31.9%,平均二次有机碳 (secondary OC,SOC) 占有机碳的百分比分别为 42.5% 和 34.9%.在两次污染过程中, 燃煤、机动车、船舶排放和生物质燃烧均有显著贡献.

关键词: PM_2.5, 黑碳, 污染过程, 二次污染物

Abstract:

During the period between November 29th and December 9th in 2016,two air pollution episodes occurred in Shanghai, with the highesthourly concentration of PM_2.5 reaching 119 and 179 ug/m³, respectively. The concentration of black carbon (BC) wasobserved, and fine particle matter was sampled and compositions suchas organic carbon (OC), element carbon (EC), water-soluble ions andelement were analyzed in two pollution episodes to observe thecomposition and source of PM_2.5. Investigation results showedthat in two pollution episodes, the average concentrations of PM_2.5 in pollution stage were 4.2 and 3.9 times of that inclean stage, respectively. The average concentrations of BC inpollution stage were 1.6 and 1.9 times of that in clean stage. Thehighest BC hourly concentration and the proportion of BC in PM_2.5 during pollution episodes were 8.94 ug/m³ and22.0%. The average proportions of BC in PM_2.5 in clean stagewere 11.8% and 7.5%, respectively, which were higher than theproportion in pollution stage (4.4% and 3.7%). The averageproportions of secondary pollutants in PM_2.5 were 41.8% and31.9%, respectively. The average proportions of secondary organiccarbon (SOC) in OC were 42.5% and 34.9%, respectively. Coalcombustion, vehicles, boats and biomass burning contributedsignificantly to the pollution episodes.

Key words: PM_2.5, black carbon (BC), pollution episodes, secondary pollutants

中图分类号:

X511

陈奇, 方引, 冯艳丽, 张帆, 朱文杰, 汪午, 陈颖军. 基于 PM_2.5中的黑碳变化探究上海冬季典型污染过程[J]. 上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 26(2): 263-274.

CHEN Qi, FANG Yin, FENG Yanli, ZHANG Fan, ZHU Wenjie, WANG Wu, CHEN Yingjun. Based on the variation of black carbon in PM_2.5 to observe pollution episode in winter Shanghai[J]. Journal of Shanghai University（Natural Science Edition）, 2020, 26(2): 263-274.

图/表 5

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