Fig. 1

XRD patterns of Bi oxide thin films annealed at 450 $^{\circ}$C in different atmosphere (air, N$_{2}$, O$_{2}$)"

Table 1

Mass fraction of each phase of Bi oxide thin films in different atmosphere (air, N$_{2}$, O$_{2}$) ${\%}$"

Fig. 2

SEM images of the Bi oxide thin films annealed at 450 $^{\circ}$C in different atmosphere (air, N$_{2}$, O$_{2}$)"

Fig. 3

Particle sizes and aspect ratios of the Bi oxide thin films annealed at 450 $^{\circ}$C in different atmosphere (air, N$_{2}$, O$_{2}$)"

Fig. 4

Colored and bleached state of Bi oxide thin films annealed at 450 $^{\circ}$C in different atmosphere (air, N$_{2}$, O$_{2}$)"

Fig. 5

Cyclic voltammograms for Bi oxide thin film annealed at 450 $^{\circ}$C in different atmosphere (air, N$_{2}$, O$_{2}$)"

Fig. 6

Time- Time-dependent mod-luminous transmittance at 550 nm for Bi oxide thin film annealed at 450 $^{\circ}$C in different atmosphere (air, N$_{2}$, O$_{2}$)"

Fig. 7

$\Delta T(T_{\rm b}-T_{\rm c})$, charge density and coloration efficiency for Bi oxide thin films annealed at 450 $^{\circ}$C in different atmosphere (air, N$_{2}$, O$_{2}$)"