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Journal of Shanghai University（Natural Science Edition） ›› 2016, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (6): 737-745.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2015.02.004

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Exit choice behavior of pedestrians evacuating from a two-exit room

DONG Liyun1,2, CHEN Li1, LI Xiang1   

  1. 1. Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;
    2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai 200072, China
  • Received:2015-04-16 Online:2016-12-30 Published:2016-12-30

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Abstract:

Pedestrian evacuation from a two-exit room was investigated using a cellular automaton model based on the floor field. To depict the exit choice behavior, a decaying floor field was introduced, taking into account the degree of congestion near exits. Since the number of pedestrians in the exit areas varied over time, the decaying floor field was dynamical. In evacuation, a pedestrian might turn to another exit according to the varying floor field. The decay factor might be regarded as a measure of the pedestrians’ sensitivity to the exit congestion. Numerical results showed that more pedestrians left the room from the large exit and fewer from the small exit. Two groups of pedestrians almost completed their evacuation from the two exits simultaneously. However, large decay factors led to undulation of the pedestrian flow and a prolonged evacuation time. The optimal decay factor was then determined, which minimized the evacuation time and maximized the usage of exits. It was shown that the decaying floor field played a vital role in capturing the essential features of exit choice behavior during evacuation.

Key words:  decay factor ,  evacuation time,  exit choice ,  floor field , pedestrian evacuation