PMO对Cr8Mo2SiV钢锭凝固组织和偏析的影响

doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.2683

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决Cr8Mo2SiV钢铸锭凝固组织粗大及心部偏析问题,采用脉冲磁致振荡(pulsed magneto-oscillation,PMO)技术调控铸锭凝固过程.通过组织表征与元素分析,系统研究了不同PMO峰值电流(0、1 000$K_{\rm P}$、1 500$K_{\rm P}$和2 000$K_{\rm P}$ A)对Cr8Mo2SiV钢凝固组织和偏析的影响.研究结果表明:PMO处理显著细化了凝固组织,在1 500$K_{P}$ A参数下柱状晶区比例由未处理样品的30.8%降至8.07%,等轴晶区提升至86.31%;同时元素偏析得到了明显改善,心部偏析区域面积缩小,枝晶间Cr、Mo等元素富集降低;PMO作用会促进形核,同时由于内部产生了电磁力,故型壁晶粒脱落,从而细化晶粒,并诱导熔体内部形成双环流增强溶质均匀分布.该技术为改善Cr8Mo2SiV钢铸锭凝固质量提供了有效手段.

关键词: 脉冲磁致振荡, 峰值电流, Cr8Mo2SiV钢, 凝固组织, 偏析

Abstract: This study aims to address the issues of coarse solidification microstructure and central segregation in Cr8Mo2SiV steel ingots by employing pulsed magneto-oscillation (PMO) technology to regulate the solidification process. Through microstructure characterization and elemental analysis, the effects of PMO peak currents (0, 1 000 $K_{\rm P}$, 1 500 $K_{\rm P}$, and 2 000$K_{\rm P}$ A) on the solidification structure and segregation behavior of Cr8Mo2SiV steel were systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that PMO treatment significantly refines the solidification structure. Under the 1 500$K_{\rm P}$ A parameter, the proportion of columnar crystal zones decreases from 30.8% in untreated samples to 8.07%, while that of the equiaxed crystal zone increases to 86.31%. Additionally, elemental segregation is markedly improved. The area of central segregation regions is reduced, and the enrichment of Cr, Mo, and other elements in interdendritic regions is diminished. The PMO mechanism promotes nucleation and internally generates electromagnetic forces that detach grains from the mold wall, thereby refining the grain structure. Furthermore, it induces a double recirculation flow within the melt, enhancing solute uniformity. This technology provides an effective solution for improving the solidification quality of Cr8Mo2SiV steel ingots.

Key words: pulsed magneto-oscillation (PMO), peak current, Cr8Mo2SiV steel, solidification structure, segregation

中图分类号:

TG249.3

徐凡, 陈湘茹, 翟启杰. PMO对Cr8Mo2SiV钢锭凝固组织和偏析的影响[J]. 上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 31(4): 632-645.

XU Fan, CHEN Xiangru, ZHAI Qijie. Effect of PMO on solidification structure and segregation of Cr8Mo2SiV steel[J]. Journal of Shanghai University（Natural Science Edition）, 2025, 31(4): 632-645.

参考文献

[1] 迟宏宵, 马党参, 王昌, 等. Cr8Mo2SiV钢二次硬化机理的研究[J]. 金属学报, 2010, 46(10): 1181-1185.
[2] He S, Li C S, Ren J Y, et al. Investigation on alloying element distribution in Cr8Mo2SiV cold-work die steel ingot during homogenization [J]. Steel Research International, 2018, 89(10): 1800148.
[3] 元莎. Cr8型模具钢强韧化技术与服役性能研究[D]. 北京: 中国机械科学研究总院, 2022.
[4] 刘松涛, 伦明睿, 陈炜, 等. 碲对Cr12MoV冷作模具钢加工性能的影响[J]. 机械工程材料, 2025, 49(1): 38-43.
[5] 刘绪玮. 稀土钇对AISI D2冷作模具钢碳化物及冲击韧性的影响[D]. 赣州: 江西理工大学, 2024.
[6] 姚健, 朱喜达, 刘宇, 等. 高碳高合金工模具钢连铸工艺发展现状[J]. 特殊钢, 2022, 43(6): 66-72.
[7] 袁志钟, 陈露, 张伯承, 等. 冷作模具钢DC53热处理增韧技术[J]. 金属热处理, 2023, 48(10): 15-22.
[8] Hamidzadeh M A, Meratian M, Saatchi A. Efiect of cerium and lanthanum on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI D2 tool steel [J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2013, 571(1): 193-198.
[9] 路磊, 杨华. 铌对Cr8Mo2SiV钢组织和性能的影响[J]. 热加工工艺, 2010, 39(17): 39-40; 44.
[10] 钟玉义, 白亚鸣, 李刚, 等. 脉冲磁致振荡波形对纯铝凝固组织的影响[J]. 上海金属, 2021, 43(4): 92-97.
[11] 曹天一, 李莉娟, 朱雷敏, 等. 脉冲磁致振荡(PMO)技术在ZTM-S2合金工具钢连铸坯生产中的应用 [J]. 上海金属, 2021, 43(1): 87-92.
[12] Zhong H G, Zhou L X, Yuan H Z, et al. A Homogenization technology for heavy ingots: hot-top pulsed magneto-oscillation [J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transaction: B, 2024, 55(2): 15.
[13] Edry I, Erukhimovitch V, Shoihet A, et al. Efiect of impurity levels on the structure of solidifled aluminum under pulse magneto-oscillation (PMO) [J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2013, 48(24): 8438-8442.
[14] Sun J, Sheng C, Wang D P, et al. Fine equiaxed dendritic structure of a medium carbon steel cast using pulsed magneto-oscillation melt treatment [J]. Advanced in Manufacturing, 2018, 6(2): 189-194.
[15] 刘海宁, 王郢, 李仁兴, 等. PMO凝固均质化技术在20CrMnTi齿轮钢上的应用[J]. 钢铁, 2019, 54(6): 69-78.
[16] 李莉娟, 王郢, 翟启杰. 脉冲磁致振荡(PMO)凝固均质化技术在特殊钢中的应用[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2021, 33(10): 1018-1030.
[17] 李辉成, 刘海宁, 谢有, 等. PMO-EMS组合调控在钢电磁连铸中的应用[J]. 铸造技术, 2022, 43(4): 303-306.
[18] Liu Y J, Xu G D, Wang Y C, et al. Efiects of pulse magneto-oscillation on GCr15 bearing steel continuous casting billet [J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2022, 29(1): 144-150.
[19] 刘海宁, 李辉成, 李涛, 等. PMO对GCr15轴承钢矩形坯心部微观组织及元素分布的影响[J]. 铸造, 2022, 71(2): 164-170.
[20] 刘海宁, 陈杨珉, 陈湘茹, 等. PMO对高速钢枝晶组织及碳化物的影响[J]. 钢铁, 2024, 59(2): 56; 119-128.
[21] 许英华. 结晶器脉冲磁致振荡技术对HRB400EG螺纹钢铸坯质量的影响[J]. 上海金属, 2021, 43(3): 82-85; 93.
[22] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 钢的低倍组织及缺陷酸蚀检验法: GB/T 226|2015[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2015.
[23] 姚健, 满廷慧, 刘宇, 等. 连铸对M2高速钢偏析与碳化物的影响[J]. 中国冶金, 2023, 33(3): 77-84.
[24] Liu W F, Wang J Q, Sun M Y, et al. Cerium reflnement of grains and primary carbides during solidiflcation of Cr4Mo4V bearing steel [J]. Journal of Rare Earths, 2024, 42(4): 783-792.
[25] 翟启杰. 脉冲磁致振荡凝固细晶技术[C]// 2016中国有色合金及特种铸造发展论坛. 2016: 15.
[26] 邵辉, 叶春洋, 仲红刚, 等. 圆台形冒口脉冲磁致振荡处理对Al-Si合金铸锭凝固均质化的影响[J]. 上海金属, 2021, 43(3): 86-93.
[27] 李涛, 李莉娟, 李开创, 等. PMO对定向凝固GCr15轴承钢枝晶臂间距的影响[J]. 上海金属, 2023, 45(5): 62-69; 74.
[28] 龚永勇, 程书敏, 钟玉义, 等. 脉冲磁致振荡凝固技术[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(5): 757-765.
[29] 龚永勇. 脉冲磁致振荡凝固细晶技术基础研究[D]. 上海: 上海大学, 2009.
[30] Edry I, Shoihet A, Hayun S. On the efiects of electric current intensity and pulse frequency on the solidifled structure of pure aluminum subjected to pulse magneto-oscillation treatment [J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2021, 288: 116844.
[31] 杨阳, 黄雁, 刘海宁, 等. 采用PMO改善20CrMnTi钢的凝固组织和偏析研究[J]. 上海金属, 2025, 47(1): 67-75.
[32] Zhang F, Zhong H G, Yang Y Q, et al. Improving ingot homogeneity by modifled hot-top pulsed magneto-oscillation [J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2022, 29(12): 1939-1950.
[33] 张亚兵, 王东兴, 赵立, 等. PMO作用下35CrMnSi合金结构钢铸坯的元素分布[J]. 连铸, 2023(2): 78-83.
[34] 蒋进亚, 刘海宁, 汪浪, 等. 脉冲磁致振荡对4Cr13模具钢铸锭凝固组织及偏析的影响[J]. 特种铸造及有色合金, 2025, 45(2): 310-316.
[35] 靳平霞, 徐智帅, 徐燕祎, 等. 脉冲磁致振荡作用下Ga-In-Sn液态合金中熔体流场的数值模拟[J]. 上海金属, 2020, 42(4): 95-99.
[36] 赵静, 秦红星, 刘国超, 等. PMO脉冲参数对钢液内电磁场和流场分布的影响[J]. 上海金属, 2020, 42(1): 68-76.