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上海大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 569-589.doi: 10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.2506

• •    下一篇

离子液体在湿法冶金浸出和电沉积中的应用进展 

王府倩, 卢明辉, 汪淑娟, 王飞, 夏雪雯,耿淑华, 邹星礼, 鲁雄刚
  

  1. 上海大学 材料科学与工程学院, 省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室, 上海 200444
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-09 出版日期:2023-08-30 发布日期:2023-09-01
  • 通讯作者: 汪淑娟 (1991—), 女, 博士, 研究方向为电化学新技术及新能源材料开发等.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目 (52022054, 51974181, U1860203); 上海市青年科技启明星资助项目(19QA1403600); 上海高校 (东方学者) 特聘教授资助项目 (TP2019041)

Application advances of ionic liquids in hydrometallurgical leaching and electrodeposition 

WANG Fuqian, LU Minghui, WANG Shujuan, WANG Fei, XIA Xuewen, GENG Shuhua, ZOU Xingli, LU Xionggang   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
  • Received:2022-08-09 Online:2023-08-30 Published:2023-09-01

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摘要：

离子液体具有溶解性好、导电性高、电化学窗口宽、热稳定性和化学稳定性好、可反复利用及易再生等优良的物理化学性质, 在有机合成、分离、电化学、催化、冶金、核能循环利用以及纳米材料等诸多领域得到了广泛应用. 特别是离子液体的引入能够使冶金反应在低温下进行, 降低能耗且减少污染, 因此这种新型 “绿色” 溶剂在冶金领域具有很大的应用潜力.本工作综述了离子液体在湿法冶金中的研究及应用现状, 重点介绍了以离子液体为介质溶解金属及其氧化物、浸出复杂矿物及电子废弃物和电沉积制备多种金属及其合金的研究进展, 并展望了离子液体在冶金领域的发展前景. 

关键词: 离子液体, 湿法冶金, 浸出, 电沉积 

Abstract:

Because of their excellent physical and chemical properties, namely, their good solubility, high conductivity, wide electrochemical window, good thermal and chemical stability, reusability, and easy regeneration, ionic liquids have been widely used in many fields such as organic synthesis, separation, electrochemistry, catalysis, metallurgy, nuclear energy recycling, and nanomaterials. In particular, the introduction of ionic liquids enables metallurgical reactions to occur at low temperatures, which in turn reduces energy consumption and pollution. Therefore, this new “green” solvent has great application potential in the field of metallurgy. This paper summarizes the research and application status of ionic liquids in hydrometallurgy, with a focus on the dissolution of metals and their oxides, the leaching of complex minerals and electronic wastes, and the preparation of various metals and their alloys by electrodeposition with ionic liquids as the medium. The developmental prospects of ionic liquids in metallurgy are also discussed.

Key words: ionic liquids, hydrometallurgy, leaching, electrodeposition 

中图分类号: 

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