Table of Content

28 February 2008, Volume 14 Issue 1

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Articles

E-Euclidean Centralized Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks

OUYANG Yu;WANG Chao;SHI Hui-chang

2008, 14(1):  1-6 . 

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We develop an algorithm that computes the Euclidean distance between beacon node and orphan node, estimates the position of orphan node by maximum likely-hood algorithms, and acquires a more precise position by the WLS calculating iteratively. Three methods are given to solve the problems of multihops Euclidean distances. Based on a new opinion over the weighted matrix, the algorithm makes overall plans to look for orphan nodes up to the localization conditions. The orphan node becomes assistant beacon node to aid localization after being localized. Simulation results demonstrate that the average error of positioning is lower and coverage is better when connectivity is 8.

A GPS/Gyro Attitude Fusion Algorithm for Marine Application

SHA Xiao-ping;CHEN Hui-min;BAO Min-qi;HAN Yi-xin

2008, 14(1):  7-9 . 

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This paper introduces a GPS/single gyro yaw value fusion algorithm for marine application. It first introduces the Runge-Kutta method to estimate the yaw value according to the angular velocity output of gyro. When the GPS signal is output, Kalman filtering is used to estimate yaw value error and bias of gyro to give the accurate value. Simulation results indicate that, by using the fusion algorithm, the final yaw value error is within ±1°. The output is very smooth, indicating that the algorithm is sound and effective.

Influence of External-Phase Modulation for SBS on Long-Haul 1550 nm AM-VSB CATV Systems

GU Liang-bo;WANG Chun-hua;LI Li

2008, 14(1):  10-14 . 

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External phase modulation is usually applied to improve the SBS threshold in long distance EDFA cascaded 1 550 nm externally-modulated AM CATV. In this paper, composite second-order distortion (CSO) performance due to external phase modulation is studied theoretically. First, the external-PM and the self phase modulation (SPM) induced CSO is obtained analytically by solving the Schr-dinger equation with a perturbation method. Numerical results are then presented and discussed. According to the study, the CSO performance can be improved significantly by applying a suitable phase modulation index for any long distance AM-CATV.

Connectivity of Power-Controlled Wireless Sensor Network with Linear Topology

SUN Yan;CHEN Jian;CHEN Hui-min;JIN Yan-liang

2008, 14(1):  15-18 . 

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Due to energy limitation, wireless sensor networks are limited in life span. Therefore power consumption control has been a hot topic. In belt-shaped topology, relay nodes close to the sink must forward more data than those far from the sink. They inevitably consume more energy, therefore are exhausted quickly and become a bottleneck of the network. This paper aims to improve a radio range adjustment algorithm to increase lifespan of the bottlenecked nodes by ensuring network connectivity for uplink traffic and acceptance for downlink traffic.

Cluster Preprocessing on Ontic Kernel and Histogram

XIA Jiao-xiong;XU Jun;WU Geng-feng

2008, 14(1):  19-25 . 

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According to the connective characteristic of data and demands within data space, the principle of ontology is introduced into the process of cluster analysis. The pinpoint existence modality and dynamic distribution of data are described on the definition of ontic kernel and object data. Interrelation among the data can be studied with weak ontic kernel and strong ontic kernel. The cluster analysis histogram is constructed on the time of object data and different value on the same time. For different histogram statement, the algorithm that can process the limited gate value with rational function of controlling cluster is presented to determine the ultimate generic cluster. An application illustration is used to demonstrate feasibility and validity of the cluster preprocessing on ontic kernel and histogram (CPOKH). 

Underground Pipeline Detection Based on Angular Sensing

JIN Hong-ri;SHEN Lin-yong;ZHANG Ya-nan;QIAN Jin-wu

2008, 14(1):  26-30 . 

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A system for detecting the 3D shape of underground pipelines, especially in trenchless construction process, has been developed. This pipeline detecting system is composed of a gravity accelerometer, a magnetometer, a distance measuring mechanism and a control circuit. Driven in the pipe, the sensors measure the direction angle and distance at certain points. The 3D coordinates and the shape of the pipe are then obtained. Measurement repetitiveness of the pipe position is within ±5%.

An Algorithm for Analyzing Magnetic Field Distribution of Saddle Excitation Coils in EM Flowmeter Sensor

ZHAO Chen;LI Bin;CHEN Wen-jian;

2008, 14(1):  31-35 . 

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This paper studies rectangular saddle excitation coil widely used in industrial sensors for electromagnetic flowmeters. An analytic algorithm is introduced to simulate the magnetic field distribution of plane coils inside pipes. An approximate folded line method is proposed to simulate the field of saddle coils. Experiments show that the folded line method is simple and feasible.

A MatrixPadé Approximation with Chosen Coefficients

GU Chuan-qing;WANG Feng

2008, 14(1):  36-39 . 

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In terms of the recursive relation in the Lagrange polynomial form, a method of Lagrange-type matrix rational interpolation is presented in the inner product space. When all interpolation points approach zero, a matrix Pad
é approximation with chosen coefficients is constructed, whose coefficients can be obtained by the least square method. An error formula of the matrix Padé approximation is given.

Existence of Positive Periodic Solution for a Delay Leslie-Predator-Prey Sys
tem with Impulsive Effect

LIANG Zhi-qing;ZHAO Qiang;ZHOU Sheng-fan;

2008, 14(1):  40-45 . 

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By using a continuation theorem based on coincidence degree theory, we study the existence of positive periodic solution for a delayed nonautonomous Leslie predator-prey system with impulsive effect. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of positive periodic solution.
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Solution and Positive Solution to Nonlinear Equation for Elastic Beam with Both Ends Fixed

YAO Qing-liu

2008, 14(1):  46-51 . 

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The existence of solution and positive solution is considered for a fourthorder nonlinear elastic beam equation with derivatives of all orders. In material mechanics, the equation describes deformation of an elastic beam whose two ends are fixed. The first, second and third derivatives express corner, bending moment and shearing stress of the beam, respectively. By choosing suitable equivalent norm in the Banach space -C 3［0,1］ and applying the Leray-Schauder fixed point theorem, several existence results are obtained for the equation. The results show that the equation has at least one solution or positive solution provided the “maximal height” of nonlinear term is appropriate on a bounded set of its domain.

Periodic Points and Symbolic Analysis for Some Low-Dimensional -Linear Torus Maps

CHEN Hao-jun;CHEN Fang-yue;FU Xin-chu

2008, 14(1):  52-57 . 

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In this paper, periodic points of a class of maps on the 2-torus and the dynamics of a class of linear maps on the 3-torus are discussed. Using codes underlying the map operations, symbolic descriptions of the dynamics and admissibility conditions for itineraries are given for these discontinuous maps.

Dual Quermassintegrals of Harmonic Radial Combinations

PAN Dong-yun;YUAN Jun;LENG Gang-song

2008, 14(1):  58-60 . 

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We establish the BrunnMinkowski inequality for the dual quermassintegrals of harmonic radial combinations of star bodies, and prove its equivalence properties to the Minkowski inequality for L_p-dual mixed quermassintegrals.

A Numerical Method for Optimal Investment and Consumption with Transaction Costs

MA Kun;ZHU Zheng-you

2008, 14(1):  61-64 . 

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An optimal consumption and investment policy with transaction costs is discussed in this paper. After the HJB equation of this problem and the variational inequality are obtained, the equivalent free boundary problem is proposed, and a numerical method for solving the problem established. The new methods can reduce workload compared to a former method.

Optimal Dividend Paying Strategy and Optimal Asset Allocation for Insurance Companies and the Numerical Solution

TU Hong;ZHU Zheng-you

2008, 14(1):  65-59 . 

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The optimal dividend paying strategy and optimal asset allocation for insurance companies are studied in this paper. The wealth process is modeled as a portfolio combining a risky asset and a riskless asset as well as a stochastic claim process. The corresponding HJB equation for this problem is derived. Based on a qualitative analysis of the solution, the numerical solution to the equation is obtained. The optimal asset allocation between a risky asset and a riskless asset and the optimal dividend paying strategy are derived.

Electron Tunneling Effect in the Wall of Cytoskeletal Microtubule

HU Jian;QIU Xi-jun

2008, 14(1):  70-73 . 

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We treat protofilaments in the wall of microtubule (MT) as a onedimensional dynamic system based on symmetry of the cytoskeletal MT structure. Using a double-potential-well model and quantum mechanics, we calculate the electron penetration probability through potential barrier and ground state level splitting induced by the electron tunneling effect, which occurs in a protofilament in the MT wall. Some interesting results are obtained. 

Internal Quantum Efficiencies of Flat-Band Solar Cells

YANG Wen-ji;MA Zhong-quan;TANG Xing;ZHAO Wen-gang;XU Fei;WANG De-ming;ZHAO Zhan-xia

2008, 14(1):  74-79 . 

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The total internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of a flat-band p-n homo-junction solar cell is calculated, and contributions of the separate parts analyzed. It has been found that both the cell part widths and the surface recombination velocities have significant influence on the IQEs. With mathematical transformation and approximation, the differential equation of the minority carrier density in a textured cell takes the same form as the flat cell. What makes differences is that texturization slightly enhances the IQEs for photons with longer wave lengths while notably increasing external quantum efficiency. Therefore it is important for the solar cell’s good performance. The results are of technical importance in designing solar cells and their surface structures.

Asymmetrical Synthesis of Optical Active Amines


WANG Xin;PU Jia-qi

2008, 14(1):  80-84 . 

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Optical active amines 4a-d were prepared in three steps from prochiral ketones 1a-d using R- or S-α-phenylethylamine as chiral source. All reactions were carried out under atmospheric pressure, and expensive chemicals were not used. Medium or good stereoselectivities were found. Over all yields were 39%～50%. Reaction time of imination plays an important role for E/Z selectivity of product 2a-d. Stereoselectivity would be improved if much lower temperature were used in the reduction.

FEM Analysis of 3D Temperature Field in Connection Aisle between Tunnels Constructed Using Artificial Freezing Method

JIN Wei-wei;CHEN You-liang;LI Lei;WANG Ling-min

2008, 14(1):  85-90 . 

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Artificial freezing method is an economical and effective method for digging connection aisles between tunnels. During the freezing, whether or not the wall reaches the designed thickness is important for safe construction. In this paper, the temperature field in the connection aisle of Shanghai East-Fuxing Road tunnels is computed using 3D FEM. The inclined installation of freezing tubes is taken into account in the computation. Paths are established in the bottom, middle and top of the freezing wall for single and double rows of the freezing tubes. Temperature distribution curves are plotted for each path. Significant conclusions can be drawn through observation of the patterns of freezing wall thickness changing with time. The results are useful for safe construction of tunnel connection aisles.

Preparation of Aqueous Polyurethane by Non－solvent Process

HU He－feng;XUE Liang;SHI Ai－hua;GONG De－chang

2008, 14(1):  91-95 . 

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The dispersive and stable aqueous polyurethane emulsion was prepared by IPDI, DMPA, poly (propylene glycol) as raw material and EA as chain extender without solvent. The production was characterized by FTIR and granulometer. The influence of the ratio between soft and hard chain segments and the content of PPG adding into the soft chain segment on mechanical and waterproof property of film were investigated. The influence of content of hydrophilic group on waterproof property was also investigated. The results show that flexibility and waterproof characteristic of film are improved with increasing content of the soft chain, and mechanical strength and waterproof property of the film are improved with increasing content of PE added to soft chain.

Characterization of Interaction between Salvianolic Acid B and Phages Using Capillary Electrophoresis

LIU Shu-peng;SUN Ye;GUO Wei;XU Yu-hong

2008, 14(1):  96-99 . 

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Binding activity between Salvianolic acid B and selected phages from affinity biopanning in phage display library were studied with capillary lectrophoresis based on the Hummel-Dreyer methods. The binding constant was calculated with Scatchard analysis using PRISM software. The results indicate that the surface proteins expressed by the phage clone interact specifically with Salvianolic acid B, and it is feasible to determine the binding constant between the selected phage and Salvianolic acid B using CE.

Volatile Flavor Compounds of Tofu

QI Shun-ping;WENG Xin-chu

2008, 14(1):  100-105 . 

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Volatile flavor components of tofu were analyzed by simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) combined with gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 44 compounds were identified, including 12 alcohols, 12 aldehydes, 10 esters, 2 ketones and 8 other compounds. The odor activity values (OAV) of the compounds showed that (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, dimethyl disulphide, 3-methylbutanal, ethyl butyrate, and 2-methylbutanal contributed to the characteristic odor of tofu which contained sweet, abbage, fruity and cocoa aroma.

Application of Significance Analysis of Microarrays in Analyzing Feature of Burkitt Lymphoma Staging

GAO Shan;ZHANG Hong;YIN Jing-yuan

2008, 14(1):  106-110 . 

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Based on a set of gene expression data of Burkitt lymphoma, the method
of significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) was used to select a group of 90 feature genes significantly related with AnnArbor staging of Burkitt lymphoma. Nine genes have been found most frequently appear in involved pathways of those 90 feature genes, falling into the Gene Ontology (GO) category of signal transduction and having common functions related with mechanisms of tumor origin or development. In those functions, two functions related with worse development of Burkitt lymphoma were first reported.