Table of Content

28 February 2018, Volume 24 Issue 1

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Precision and Translational Medicine

Treatment of Chinese Adult Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

ZOU Yubao, HUI Rutai, SONG Lei

2018, 24(1):  1-8.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1999

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This article introduces the contents of the recently published Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment for Chinese Adult Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, which tend to offer a standardized diagnosis and treatment and improved prognosis of patients.

Interpretation of Experts' Consensus for Exercise Rehabilitation of the Post-PCI Treatment

HU Shugang, WANG Lei, GUO Lan

2018, 24(1):  9-15.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.2000

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Nowadays, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become a predominant important method for revascularization in patients with coronary heart disease. China has stepped into the center of global invention research. Nevertheless, many patients still face problems after PCI, such as hypokinesis, emotional anxiety and declining quality of life. Cardiac rehabilitation plays an important role in the therapy and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, and it has a significant effect on improving above-mentioned postoperative problems of patients. In order to standardize and guide the PCI postoperative rehabilitation, the Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Committee of the Chinese Medical doctor Association (CMDA) organized a group of experts of cardiology and rehabilitation to write Experts' Consensus for Exercise Rehabilitation of the Post-PCI Treatment according to the practical situation of China. Its main contents are interpreted in this article.

Interpretation of 2014 ESC Guidelines on Diagnosis and Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

ZOU Changhong, ZHAO Xuemei, ZHANG Yuhui

2018, 24(1):  16-20.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.2005

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2014 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines on Diagnosis and Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) was published in August, 2014, during the congress of ESC 2014. The guideline focused on the definition, epidemiology, etiology,diagnosis and clinical evaluation, genetic testing and family screening, treatments, follow-up, reproduction and contraception associated with HCM. A brief interpretation of these contents is made in the present article.

Isolation and identification of mouse hepatic telocytes

WANG Fei, SONG Meiyi, XIA Lu, ZHANG Zhaojie

2018, 24(1):  21-26.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.2006

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[Objective] To develop an optimized method which is more stable and efficient in hepatic telocytes separation based on current method, and to establish a solid theoretical foundation and experimental support for further study of potential regulation of hepatic cells by telocytes. [Methods] C57BL/6 male wild mice were selected for isolation of liver telocytes through multiple short enzymatic digestions and centrifugation. CD34+Vimentin immunofluorescence staining was used to identify the cell phenotype. [Results] Hepatic telocytes were successfully separated. Hepatic telocytes were both CD34 and Vimentin positive in vitro, while hepatic stellate cell line was CD34 negative and Vimentin positive. [Conclusion] High-quality telocytes were obtained through this optimized method and could be used for other studies.

Research Articles

Refractive index characteristics and mode splitting of long-period fiber gratings written in the tapered fiber

ZHOU Chao, SHI Lei, ZOU Fang, LIU Yunqi

2018, 24(1):  27-32.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1778

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Transmission characteristics of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) written in a tapered fiber is investigated by numerical simulation. It has been found that splitting of the mode distribution curve happens for the same order cladding mode of LPFG when the thinnest diameter of the tapered fiber is between 55 $\mu$m and 110 $\mu$m. The two resonance dips correspond to splitting from the same order cladding mode show different refractive index characteristics.

Dexterous robotic hand control based on motion mapping

JIANG Caijun, XU Yulin, DING Meikun

2018, 24(1):  33-43.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1833

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A control system for dexterous robotic hands based on motion mapping of data glove is presented in this paper. Humanoid gestures and grasping motion can intuitively be realized on robotic hands through human hand motion mapping by data glove. Operation performance of the robotic hand is improved. Direct joint angle mapping and fingertip position mapping are adapted to control the robotic hand motion. Experimental results show practicality of the control system.

Fabrication and biological properties of micro/nano hybrid structured TiO₂ coatings

GU Jingping, XIE Youtao, HUANG Liping, HE Yanchang, ZHAO Jun, ZHENG Xuebin, LI Hong, SUN Jinliang

2018, 24(1):  44-55.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1921

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Micro/nano hybrid structured surface can improve their capability of encouraging early cell responses and rapid bone in-growth. The micro/nano hybrid structured TiO$_{2}$ coatings were prepared by induction suspension plasma spraying (ISPS) using anatase TiO$_{2}$ suspension as a feedstock. Their osteogenesis related cell behaviors were studied. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (SEM) results show that the coatings prepared by adjusting feed rate have typical micro/nano hybrid structures. Porosity of the coating increases with the increase of feed rate. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the coating is mainly composed of rutile with a small amount of anatase, and the content of rutile decreased with the increase of feed rate. This may be related to the high temperature process of plasma spraying, in which the anatase phase is transformed into a more stable rutile phase. The results of in vitro cell compatibility tests show that the micro/nano structured TiO$_{2}$ coatings prepared with ISPS has higher protein adsorption, better osteoblasts spreading and higher expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization than atmospheric plasma sprayed coatings and polished titanium surfaces.

Effects of Y$_{2}$O$_{3}$ on microstructure and properties of zirconia ceramics

FENG Yajun, WANG Xingqing

2018, 24(1):  56-65.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1774

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The influence of addition of Y$_{2}$O$_{3}$ on microstructures and properties of zirconia ceramics was studied. The influence of ball milling time and the amount of added Y$_{2}$O$_{3 }$ on grain size, microstructures and properties of ZrO$_{2}$ is discussed. The results show that grains of ZrO$_{2 }$ and Y$_{2}$O$_{3 }$ can be refined, and the grain size of zirconia ceramic reduced, leading to improved mechanical properties of ceramics. Fine-grained 3Y-ZrO$_{2}$ ceramics can be prepared by appropriate addition of Y$_{2}$O$_{3 }$ and a common sintering process with good mechanical properties, that is, Vickers hardness and fracture toughness values being 1 128 kg/mm$^{2}$ and 10.03 MPa$\cdot $m$^{1/2}$, respectively.

Synthesis and self-assembly of Boc-protected bisguanidines

ZOU Xiaoliang, GU Jun, SUN Yuren, QIAN Qun

2018, 24(1):  66-73.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1768

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Guanidinium cations are widely used to recognize sulfate and phosphate anions. However, there are few reports about neutral guanidines. In this work, several Boc-protected guanidines are synthesized. With nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) dilution experiments and single crystal X-ray diffraction. It has been found that there are intermolecular interaction among neutral bisguanidinium in solution and solid state as well.

Reaction of 1-chloro-3-buten-2-one with N-acetylcysteine

LIU Boliang, ZHANG Xinyu

2018, 24(1):  74-82.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1846

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1-Chloro-3-buten-2-one (CBO) is an in vitro metabolite of 1,3-butadiene, a carcinogenic pollutant.CBO is cytotoxic and genotoxic, and can readily form DNA adducts and glutathione (GSH) conjugates. CBO-GSH conjugates are expected to be biotransformed into CBO-N-acetylcysteine (NAC) ones in the kidney, which are excreted in the urine. Thus, CBO-NAC conjugates can be used as biomarkers. However, the reaction of CBO with NAC has not been investigated yet. In the present study, this reaction under in vitro physiological conditions (pH=7.4, 37 ℃) was investigated and two products, which were structurally characterized by 1D/2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as 1-chloro-4-(N-acetyl-S-cysteinyl)-2-butanone and 1,4-bis(N-acetyl-S-cysteinyl)-2-butanone, were observed. The latter is a novel compound. Identification of the two CBO-NAC conjugates will help future investigation on the in vivo formation of CBO.

Photo-initiated disulfide-ene reaction

LIU Guangyao, MIAO Miao, AN Zesheng

2018, 24(1):  83-91.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1759

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Click chemistry has been widely developed and applied to various fields such as polymers, chemical synthesis, and biology. In recent years, thiol-ene reaction as a type of click chemistry has attracted much attention because it is highly efficient and can be photo-initiated without using toxic metal catalysts. In this paper, the method of photo-initiated disulfide-ene chemistry is introduced. To avoid short-comings of thiol-ene chemistry such as ease of oxidation of thiols and various side reactions, photo-ininitated reactions between disulfides and enes as potential and alternative reactions were studied. Experimental data showed that the reaction rate and yield were affected by various reaction conditions such as oxygen, photo-initiators, different reactants and solvents.

Comprehensive risk assessment of ammonia desulfurization for coal-fired flue gas

MA Zhen, WAN Hao

2018, 24(1):  92-99.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1779

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According to the status of ammonia desulfurization for coal-fired flue gas, a comprehensive risk index system is established by combining a fuzzy assessment method with analytic hierarchical process (AHP) method. A hierarchical structure is established. Judgement matrix is constructed based on calibration of each element and calculated values of elements in all levels. The evaluation system contains five primary factors: technical risk, environmental risk, safety risk, benefit risk and management risk. There are four specific analytical objects for each index. According to the results of experts voting and fuzzy evaluation matrix, risk value can be calculated with reference to the score collection. The result shows that the risk value of ammonia desulfurization process is 60.65, and the risk value of the industry is a little high. Desulfurization technology is on a high risk level, in other words, the risk mainly comes from technology. The result of comprehensive risk assessment is in accordance with the status, and it has a reference value in studying the theory and practice of ammonia desulfurization.

Finite element analysis on flexural performance of RC beams strengthened with pre-stressed near-surface-mounted CFRP strips

ZHANG Zhimei, XIONG Hao

2018, 24(1):  100-107.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1807

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Flexural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with near-surface-mounted pre-stressed carbon fiber reinforced polymer/plastic (CFRP) strips is analyzed using the finite element software ABAQUS. Correctness of the model is shown by simulating five RC beams strengthened with near-surface-mounted pre-stressed CFRP strips and comparing the results with test. Then the finite element model is used for deep analysis of the flexural performance of RC beams. The beams are affected by different factors such as the pre-stress level of CFRP, amount of CFRP reinforcement, and longitudinal reinforcement ratio and concrete strength grade. Results of the analysis show that the pre-stress level of CFRP and the amount of CFRP reinforcement have greater influence on the cracking load of RC beams. The longitudinal reinforcement ratio has greater influence on the bearing capacity of RC beams. Strength grade of the concrete has some influence on the flexural performance of RC beams, but not as obvious as other factors.

Time effect of shear strengths of unsaturated fly-ash and its prediction

WANG Sicong, SUN Dean

2018, 24(1):  108-117.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1803

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Fly-ash is an industrial waste material, and is often used as a filling material in subgrade engineering. Many factors affect engineering properties of fly-ash. To investigate the effect of water content and age on the strength of fly-ash, a series of direct shear tests on a fly-ash are carried out. Relations between water content or age and shear strength with the same dry density were obtained. The results show that the shear strength and cohesion of the fly-ash change with variation of the saturation degree and increase with age, while the internal friction angle changes a little. Finally, shear strength of unsaturated fly-ash is predicted using unsaturated soil mechanics and soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC).

Micro-mechanism analysis of interface behavior of reinforced sand cushion with denti-inclusions

ZHANG Jun, LIN Yongliang

2018, 24(1):  118-125.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1797

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To investigate the micro-mechanism of interaction between denti-inclusions and sand cushion, elliptical group particles were developed. Numerical simulation of pull-out tests was performed by PFC2D. The model was validated by comparing the numerical results and the pull-out test results. Evolution of the shear band and load transfer mechanisms was studied. The results show that the stress concentration occurs near denti-inclusions, and the upper and lower interfaces are not symmetrical. The shear bond's thickness of sand cushion reinforced with denti-inclusions is significantly larger than clay reinforcement in case of the same pullout displacement. Every denti-inclusion has a different rate of contribution to pull-out force and change when drawing.

Establishment of molecular-based high-throughout screening model for histone lysine methyltransferase DOT1L inhibitors

XU Wei, SU Mingbo, ZHOU Yubo

2018, 24(1):  126-133.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1757

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DOT1L is an epigenetic enzyme that can catalyze methyltransfer activity at histone 3 lysine 79 (H3K79). It is also found to be the first lysine methyltransferase without a SET domain. Research results show that methylation level of H3K79 can influence the expression of some genes, closely related to the development of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML). This work establishes a molecular-based high-throughout screening model for discovering novel DOT1L inhibitors. EPZ-5676 was used as positive control to optimize activity assay and ensure appropriate concentration of enzyme and substrate, and reaction time, etc. The assay was optimized, and the $Z'$-factor was about 0.54, indicating that a molecular-based high-throughout screening model for DOT1L inhibitors was successfully established.

Effects of ABL silencing combined with TRAIL and DOX on apoptosis of colorectal cancer HT29 cells

LI Yuyu, JIN Youxin, XU Zhongjuan, ZHANG Shumang, SUO Guangli

2018, 24(1):  134-141.  doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1771

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To investigate the effects of Abelson (ABL) tyrosine kinase silencing combined with tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and doxorubicin (DOX) on apoptosis of human colon cancer cell line HT29. ABL was stably knocked down in HT29 cells using lent ivirus particles. The expression level was verified by Western blot. Cell proliferation and drug toxicity was detected by cell count kit 8 (CCK8) assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression level PARP1 and cleaved-caspase3 were determined by Western blot. The results showed that cell viability was reduced after treatment of TRAIL or DOX. Combination therapy can induce apoptosis rate at a lower dose. The colon cancer cell proliferation was inhibited by ABL gene silencing. However, apoptosis induced by TRAIL was inhibited, and the synergistic apoptotic effect of TRAIL and DOX on HT29 cell was also inhibited. Combination treatment can significantly induce HT29 cell apoptosis. Although ABL silencing can inhibit cell proliferation, the synergistic apoptotic effect of TRAIL and DOX on colorectal cancer HT29 cell was still inhibited by ABL silencing.

Construction of cationic amphipathic peptide-lipid nanoparticle and evaluation of its cytotoxicity and stability in vitro

WANG Qiao, FEI Hao

2018, 24(1):  142-150.  doi:DOi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.1758

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In this paper, cationic amphipathic R peptide (RLARLLRRLARWLR) was chosen to construct peptide-lipid nanoparticle. Recombination and interaction of R peptide with lipid mixture were studied using lipid emulsion clearance assay and blue shift of tryptophan fluorescence assay. The diameter and surface characterization of cationic amphipathic R peptide-lipid nanoparticle (R-LNP) were obtained with transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurements. MTT assay was used to investigate cytotoxicity of R-LNP. Stability of R-LNP and R peptide against chymotrypsin and trypsin was explored using ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The results showed that R peptide caused reconstruction of lipid to form lipid nanoparticle with a diameter of (14.7$\pm $0.1) nm and zeta potential of 17.8 mV. Hydrophobic amino acids of R peptide inserted in the hydrophobic core of lipid nanoparticle. Cytotoxicity of R peptide was retained in R-LNP, of which half-inhibitory concentration for A549 and MCF-7 was (5.93$\pm $0.75) $\mu$mol/L and (4.36$\pm $0.40) $\mu$mol/L respectively. UPLC results showed that R-LNP increased stability of R peptide, facilitating its translational application in vivo.