An ambient temperature Arabidopsis thaliana male sterile mutant ambient temperature-sensory male sterile 1 (atms1), generated from ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis has been identified. At low temperature 16 ℃, atms1 showed 100% pollen viability and silique fertility, while with the culture temperature increased, atms1 showed decreasing pollen viability and silique fertility. Therefore atms1 is a temperature sensory male sterile mutant. The morphological assay demonstrated that atms1 anther showed few significant impairments compared with wild-type anther when ambient temperature was below 23 ℃. At higher temperature 27 ℃, the atms1 anther exhibited pleiotropic phenotypes: the developmental phases of anthers within one flower differed significantly; the callose layer of pollen mother cell of mutant was much thinner than that of wild-type, and the atms1 tapetum development exhibited much retarded than corresponding wild-type tapetum. Genetic assay demonstrated that the phenotypes of atms1 were controlled by a single recessive locus.