Abstract:

Myocardial remodeling is an independent risk factor for major cardiovascular events such as heart failure. An abnormal increase in mechanical stress caused by hemodynamic pathological changes can directly trigger myocardial remodeling, accompanied by increased expression of neurohumoral factors, resulting in a synergistic effect which could further aggravate myocardial remodeling. Myocardial remodeling can be divided into pressure overload myocardial remodeling and volume overload myocardial remodeling, according to the type of mechanical stress overload. There are significant differences in the two types of myocardial remodeling at the gross structural, cellular, and molecular levels of the heart. Although volume overload is prevalent in various heart diseases, previous studies have focused on pressure overload myocardial remodeling, with a lack of sufficient elucidation of volume overload myocardial remodeling. It has been discovered through research that calcium-handling proteins and Akt may be held responsible for the difference between the two types of overload myocardial remodeling. This paper, which combines the previous achievements with our latest research results, outlines the similarities and differences between the two types of mechanical stress myocardial remodeling, attempts to shed some new light on precision research and personalized diagnosis and treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.

Key words: myocardial remodeling, pressure overload, volume overload, concentric, eccentric