锂离子电池用多级ZnO-PMIA纳米纤维隔膜的制备及性能

doi:10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.2672

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用静电纺丝技术制备了聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺(poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide),PMIA)纳米纤维膜,创新性地在耐高温PMIA纳米纤维膜上引入了亲锂材料ZnO纳米片,成功构筑了一种多级微纳结构的纳米纤维复合隔膜.ZnO纳米片能够原位形成Li-Zn合金层,定向促进锂的均匀沉积,抑制锂枝晶的生长.借助这一设计,制备的锂离子电池(lithium-ion battery,LIB)用ZnO-PMIA复合隔膜实现了高离子电导率(0.750 mS/cm)和低界面阻抗(244 $\Omega$).ZnO-PMIA-0.1M复合隔膜组装的锂离子电池在0.5 C下表现出了优异的循环稳定性,100次循环后,电池比容量仍保持在较高水平(128.5 mA$\cdot$h/g).

关键词: 锂离子电池隔膜, 静电纺丝, 聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺纳米纤维膜, ZnO纳米片, 锂枝晶抑制

Abstract: Electrostatic spinning technology was utilized to fabricate a poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) nanofiber membrane and innovatively incorporated lithiophilic ZnO nanosheets onto the heat-resistant PMIA nanofiber membrane, successfully constructing a hierarchically structured nanofiber composite separator. The incorporated ZnO nanosheets facilitated the in-situ formation of the Li-Zn alloy layer, directionally promoted uniform lithium deposition, and suppressed the growth of lithium dendrites. With this design, the prepared lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) used ZnO-PMIA composite separators achieved an ionic conductivity of 0.750 mS/cm and a low interfacial impedance of 244 $\Omega$. Consequently, LIBs equipped with the ZnO-PMIA-0.1M composite separators exhibited exceptional cycling stability at 0.5 C, maintaining a high specific capacity of 128.5 mA$\cdot$h/g after 100 cycles.

Key words: lithium-ion battery (LIB) separator, electrostatic spinning, poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) nanofiber membrane, ZnO nanosheet, lithium dendrite inhibition

中图分类号:

TM912

武思敏, 胡祖明, 于俊荣, 王彦, 李娜. 锂离子电池用多级ZnO-PMIA纳米纤维隔膜的制备及性能[J]. 上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 31(4): 607-621.

WU Simin, HU Zuming, YU Junrong, WANG Yan, LI Na. Preparation and performance of multi-level ZnO-PMIA nanofiber separator for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Shanghai University（Natural Science Edition）, 2025, 31(4): 607-621.

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