上海大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 656-667.doi: 10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.2275

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

无损检测技术在文物表面空鼓病害探查中的应用

黄继忠1(), 章云梦1,2, 张悦1, 赵朋3   

  1. 1.上海大学 文化遗产保护基础科学研究院, 上海 200444
    2.上海大学 力学与工程科学学院, 上海 200444
    3.山西省古建筑工程监理有限公司, 山西 太原 030012
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-15 出版日期:2022-08-30 发布日期:2021-04-30
  • 通讯作者: 黄继忠 E-mail:hjizhong@shu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:黄继忠(1965—), 男, 研究员, 博士生导师, 研究方向为岩土质文物保护. E-mail: hjizhong@shu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1520500);山西省重点研发计划资助项目(201803D31080);上海市文教结合资助项目

Application of non-destructive testing technique for detecting surface detachment in cultural heritage buildings

HUANG Jizhong1(), ZHANG Yunmeng1,2, ZHANG Yue1, ZHAO Peng3   

  1. 1. Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
    2. School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
    3. Shanxi Ancient Architecture Engineering Supervision Co. Ltd., Taiyuan 030012, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2020-08-15 Online:2022-08-30 Published:2021-04-30
  • Contact: HUANG Jizhong E-mail:hjizhong@shu.edu.cn

摘要:

空鼓是山西大学堂围墙的主要病害之一, 会导致表层水泥砂浆抹面的剥离和内部砌体结构的风化, 因此合理评估空鼓的严重程度是开展科学保护与修复的前提. 在用手动敲击方法对围墙空鼓病害进行初步判别的基础上, 综合采用相控阵超声成像以及红外热成像两种无损检测技术对局部病害开展精细探查, 确定其分布范围和面积. 结果表明: ① 手动敲击和两种检测技术这 3 种方法均可不同程度地反映空鼓病害的分布规律; ② 无损检测技术所得结果基本一致, 局部误差与缺陷类型和环境因素有关; ③ 围墙表面水泥砂浆抹面的空鼓状况总体比较严重, 具体可划分为 4 个病害等级. 研究成果对文物建筑表面空鼓病害探查与修复效果评估具有一定的借鉴和参考价值.

关键词: 空鼓病害, 无损检测技术, 超声成像, 红外热成像, 文物保护

Abstract:

Surface detachment is one of the main defects of the Shanxi Academy walls, and it can lead to the peeling of cement mortar plaster and the weathering of interior masonry structures. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate its severity before conducting detailed conservation and restoration work. In this study, manual percussion was first performed for the preliminary detection of surface detachment defect. Next, two non-destructive testing techniques, i.e. phased-array ultrasonic imaging and infrared thermal imaging, were combined to measure the scope and area of distribution in detail. The results showed that (1) all methods could reflect the surface detachment distribution to different degrees, (2) data obtained using different non-destructive techniques were comparable to some minor errors correlated with defect types and environmental factors, (3) the detachment of cement mortar plaster from the wall surface was generally severe, and its defect rating could be divided into four specific grades. The research results are useful for detecting and evaluating surface detachment in cultural heritage buildings.

Key words: detachment, non-destructive testing technique, ultrasonic imaging, infrared thermal imaging, heritage conservation

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