Stilbene fluorescence monomer was synthesized by esterification and condensation with the main raw materials of chloromethyl benzoate, triethyl phosphate and terephthalaldehyde through Wittig-Horner reaction. Stilbene fluorescence monomer was then polymerized to produce fluorescent polymer with good water solubility, strong fluorescence, high stability and safety. The fluorescent monomer structure was characterized by infrared (IR) spectra. The fluorescence properties of fluorescent monomer and polymer were studied with a ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectrophotometer and a fluorescence spectrophotometer. It was found that, compared with fluorescence monomer, the ultraviolet absorption peak of fluorescence polymer was red drifted with the absorption intensity lowered, but the fluorescence emission intensity was increased, meaning that near ultraviolet absorption is in favor of the increase of fluorescence emission intensity.