This study takes Jinan Yuanboyuan Metro Station as the research object and establishes a pedestrian flow model by analyzing the behavior characteristics of pedestrians at different equipment and facilities. AnyLogic software is used to build a simulation experiment platform to simulate emergency evacuation for three different types of large passenger flow situations. The simulation results reveal the following: In the case of predictable large passenger flow, when the increase in station passenger flow is small, the passenger flow density on the platform layer is large, and the evacuation capacity of the station can be improved by shortening the train running interval. When the station passenger flow increases significantly, the station security check area is congested, and a security check channel needs to be added. In the event of unpredictable large passenger flow, the station can meet the evacuation standards in most cases, but the stairway and exit gate are still the bottleneck of passenger flow; therefore, the evacuation of passenger flow during peak hours needs to be guided by certain measures. By simulating the emergency evacuation process under two large passenger flow conditions, the bottleneck of the station is identified, and effective measures are taken to improve it, which is of great significance to ensure the safety and efficiency of passenger evacuation, improve station service capacity, and formulate the emergency evacuation plan.