In this study, infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze sediments from rocky shore (YT) reservoirs in southwest China using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and a rapid analysis method for sediment total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and biogenic silica (BSi) content based on FTIR method was investigated. The FTIR prediction models of OC\TN\BSi contents were established by partial least squares regression (PLSR) method, respectively. And the prediction accuracy of this model was verified based on the measured data. It is shown that the method can effectively extract geochemical information from reservoir sediments and can be applied to the study of high-resolution paleoenvironmental changes. The method requires small sample size and simple pretreatment process to determine the content of various components in sediments in a rapid and economical way, which is of great advantage in determining large number of sediment samples.