上海市某民用国际机场的飞机大量使用全氟化合物为重要成分的航空液压油,并且在机场内部或周边配套消防站使用的水成膜泡沫灭火剂 (aqueous film-forming foams, AFFFs) 中, 全氟化合物作为重要添加剂被广泛使用.含氟化合物的大量使用会对机场周边的地表水产生氟化物污染.以上海市某机场作为特征潜在点源对象, 采集周边的 10 个地表水样,2 个对照采样点,检测样品中的 17 种全氟化合物 (perfluormated compounds, PFCs).结果显示: 全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid,PFOA) 在地表水中的质量浓度最高, 为 37.55$\sim$\linebreak189.05 ng/L,均值为 94.05 ng/L; 其次为全氟戊酸(perfluoro pentanoic acid,PFPeA) 和全氟丁烷磺酸盐(perfluorobutane sulphonate, PFBS),浓度分别为 15.15$\sim$42.33 ng/L, 5.35$\sim$57.27 ng/L;PFoA, PFPeA 和 PFBS 的检出率均为 100%.运用风险商数法评价机场周边采样点的环境风险,结果显示水样中 PFCs 均未达到对生态环境具有风险的水平.

A large quantity of aviation hydraulic fluid containing PFCs is used in airplanes in one of the international airports in Shanghai. It is also used in the airport interior and the nearby fire station. In fire drills or emergencies, Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) is used. PFCs is an important component of AFFFs. Its excessive use may cause fluoride pollution in the neighboring surface water. In this study, 10 surface water samples were collected in the airport to detect 17 types of perfluormated compounds (PFCs). The results show that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is the predominant PFC, in the range from 37.55 ng/L to 189.05 ng/L, with a mean value 94.05 ng/L. Concentrations of perfluoro pentanoic acid (PFPeA) and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) in the surface water samples are in the range from 15.15 ng/L to 42.33 ng/L with a mean value 27.82 ng/L, and from 5.35 ng/L to 57.27ng/L with a mean value 24.12 ng/L,respectively. The detection rates were all 100%. The risk quotient was used for PFC in the surface water samples, showing that PFC in water had no ecological risk temporarily.