土壤腐殖质会对土壤中污染物的迁移和转化产生重要影响.根据Pallo法分组，对吴淞口近岸湿地沉积物中腐殖质所含的富里酸（fulvic acid,FA）、胡敏酸（humic acid,HA）和胡敏素（humin,HM）3种组分进行分离，并分析FA，HA和HM的色调系数（Δlog K）、红外光谱以及元素组成特征.结果表明，吴淞口近岸湿地沉积物中腐殖质的质量比为3.20 g/kg，FA和HM组分分别占腐殖质总质量的40%和55%.FA的Δlog K值较HA高，且其分子结构简单，演化程度和芳构化程度低.FA的主要官能团有—CH₂，—CH₃，—COOH和C=O等，HA的主要官能团有—CH₂，—CH₃，—COOH和芳基上的C=C等.吴淞口近岸湿地沉积物中的腐殖质的芳构化和腐殖化程度低，其所含各组分的芳构化程度为FA

Humic substances have important influences on dissipation of pollutants in soil. According to Pallo classification method, the three fractions of fulvic acid (FA), humic acid (HA) and humin (HM) were separated from the sediment in the Wusong estuary coastal wetland. The optical property Δlog K, infrared spectra and elemental composition of the humic fractions were analyzed. The results indicated that the content of humic substances in the Wusong estuary coastal wetland was 3.20 g/kg, and FA and HM were 40% and 55% of the total humic substances, respectively. Moreover, the Δlog K value of FA was higher than HA’s, showing that the degree of evolution and aromatization of FA was low. The main functional groups of FA and HA were —CH₂, —CH₃, —COOH, C=O and —CH₂, —CH₃,—COOH, C=C, respectively. Humic substances in the Wusong estuary coastal wetland belonged to low degree of humification and aromatization. The aromatization degree of humic substances was gradually enhanced by FA