以建筑垃圾砂和工程渣土为细集料制备固废可控低强度材料(controlled low strength material,CLSM),以工程渣土取代率、渣土颗粒/粉料比、水固比和胶骨比为影响因素,研究CLSM流动度、泌水率和无侧限抗压强度,并结合X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)等微观手段,探究CLSM水化硬化特征.结果表明：随着工程渣土掺量增多,CLSM流动度降低,但可有效控制泌水,且促进早期强度,削弱后期强度;渣土颗粒/粉料比越小,CLSM要达到相同流动度需更多水分,对28 d抗压强度影响较小;水固比影响下,CLSM流动度和28 d强度呈负相关,而胶骨比影响下,两指标则呈正相关;通过微观分析,CLSM水化产物的形成主要源于水泥和矿渣微粉的水化反应,而渣土的离子交换与团粒化作用对水化体系影响有限.在本试验体系中,固废CLSM浆体不仅具有高流动度(>200 mm)、低泌水率的优良工作性能,同时还可满足需二次开挖(<2.1 MPa)的回填工程应用,为低品质建筑固废资源化利用提供新思路.
A solid waste controlled low strength material (CLSM) was prepared using engineering waste soil and construction waste sand as fine aggregates. The fluidity, bleeding rate, and unconfined compressive strength of the CLSM were studied by considering the substitution rate of the engineering waste soil, particle/powder ratio of the engineering waste soil, water-solid ratio, and binder-aggregate ratio as influencing factors. The hydration and hardening characteristics of the CLSM were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the fluidity of the CLSM decreases with an increase in the engineering waste soil content; however, it can effectively control bleeding, and it promotes early strength but weakens later strength. The smaller the particle/powder ratio, the more water is needed for the CLSM to reach the same fluidity, which has little effect on the 28 d strength. Under the influence of the watersolid ratio, the fluidity and 28 d strength of the CLSM are negatively correlated, whereas the two indexes are positively correlated under the influence of the binder-aggregate ratio. The results of microscopic analyses show that the formation of CLSM hydration products was mainly owing to the hydration reaction of cement and slag powder, whereas the ion exchange and granulation of engineering waste soil had limited influence on the hydration system. In this experimental system, the solid-waste CLSM slurry not only has excellent working performance with a high fluidity (>200 mm) and low bleeding ratio but also can satisfy backfill engineering applications requiring secondary excavation (<2.1 MPa), which provides a new idea for the resource utilization of low-quality building solid waste.
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