随着市场竞争的加剧和客户需求日益多样化,企业需进行柔性化生产,提高装配效率,降低生产成本,因此混流装配线应运而生.装配线平衡和物料供应策略是保证高效装配系统的两个重要决策,但已有研究大多分别考虑这两个问题,从而造成总成本的增加.因此,提出装配线平衡与物料供应策略协同优化模型,根据问题描述和相关假设构建以装配线成本、超市成本、运输成本最小化为目标的混合整数规划模型,并进行算例验证.通过与分级模型进行比较,验证了协同优化的必要性,并对相关装配系统参数进行敏感性分析,结果显示总成本随线边空间和套件箱规格的提高而减小,但受生产节拍等其他约束的限制,任务分配和物料供应策略选择结果最终会趋于稳定.
With increasing market competition and diversified customer demands, enterprises need to adopt flexible production methods to improve assembly efficiency and reduce production costs. Consequently, mixed-model assembly lines emerged in response to these challenges. Assembly line balancing and part feeding strategy are two critical decisions for ensuring an efficient assembly system. However, previous researches generally considered these problems separately, leading to an increase in total costs. Therefore, a mixed-integer programming (MIP) model is proposed for the joint optimization of assembly line balancing and part feeding strategy. The goal is to minimize the total costs of the assembly system, including assembly line costs, supermarket costs, and transportation costs. The model is validated through numerical examples and compared with the hierarchical model, confirming the necessity of the joint optimization approach. Sensitivity analysis shows that total costs decrease with increases in line-side space and kitting box size. However, constrained by factors such as cycle time, task allocation and part feeding strategy decisions will eventually stabilize.
[1] 工信部联规. 八部门关于印发《"十四五" 智能制造发展规划》 的通知[EB/OL]. (2021-12-21) [2024-12-15]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2021-12/28/content 5664996.htm.
[2] 万小飞, 张健均, 郭称勇. 混合动力汽车总装主线装配工时削减策略[J]. 汽车制造业, 2024(4): 50-52.
[3] Poornashree V, Ramakrishna H. A study on reduction of non-value added activities in an assembly line of an automobile industry [J]. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 2019, 8(6): 1217-1219.
[4] 景湉佳, 贾世会, 迟晓妮, 等. 基于线性加权和法的装配线平衡问题求解[J]. 现代制造工程, 2024(3): 8-14; 22.
[5] 彭运芳, 孙鲁蒙, 彭雪芬, 等. 基于遗传算法的装配线平衡与物料超市规划协同优化[J]. 运筹与管理, 2023, 32(9): 86-92.
[6] Hazir O, Delorme X, Dolgui A. A review of cost and proflt oriented line design and balancing problems and solution approaches [J]. Annual Reviews in Control, 2015, 40: 14-24.
[7] Battini D, Faccio M, Persona A, et al. Design of the optimal feeding policy in an assembly system [J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2009, 121(1): 233-254.
[8] Sali M, Sahin E. Line feeding optimization for Just in Time assembly lines: an application to the automotive industry [J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2016, 174: 54-67.
[9] Caputo A C, Pelagagge P M, Salini P. Selection of assembly lines feeding policies based on parts features and scenario conditions [J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2018, 56(3): 1208-1232.
[10] Baller R, Hage S, Fontaine P, et al. The assembly line feeding problem: an extended formulation with multiple line feeding policies and a case study [J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2020, 222: 107489.
[11] Zangaro F, Minner S, Battini D. A supervised machine learning approach for the optimisation of the assembly line feeding mode selection [J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2021, 59(16): 4881-4902.
[12] Schmid N A, Limére V, Raa B . Mixed model assembly line feeding with discrete location assignments and variable station space [J]. Omega, 2021, 102: 102286.
[13] Tao L, Dong Y, Chen W H, et al. A differential evolution with reinforcement learning for multi-objective assembly line feeding problem [J]. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2022, 174: 108714.
[14] Adenipekun E O, Limére V, Schmid N A . The impact of transportation optimisation on assembly line feeding [J]. Omega, 2022, 107: 102544.
[15] Sedding H A. Mixed-model moving assembly line material placement optimization for a shorter time-dependent worker walking time [J]. Journal of Scheduling, 2024, 27(3): 257-275.
[16] Sternatz J. The joint line balancing and material supply problem [J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2015, 159: 304-318.
[17] Battini D, Calzavara M, Otto A, et al. Preventing ergonomic risks with integrated planning on assembly line balancing and parts feeding [J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2017, 55(24): 7452-7472.
[18] 蔡敏, 沈琼玮, 黄刚, 等. 考虑供料策略和人因的装配线平衡问题建模研究[J]. 系统工程, 2020, 38(2): 79-86.
[19] Calzavara M, Finco S, Battini D, et al. A joint assembly line balancing and feeding problem (JALBFP) considering direct and indirect supply strategies [J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2022, 60(19): 5727-5745.
[20] Schmid N A, Montreuil B, Limére V . A case study on the integration of assembly line balancing and feeding decisions [J]. IFAC-Papers OnLine, 2022, 55(10): 109-114.
[21] Zangaro F, Minner S, Battini D. The multi-manned joint assembly line balancing and feeding problem [J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2023, 61(16): 5543-5565.
[22] Schmid N A, Montreuil B, Limére V . Modeling and solving integrated assembly line balancing, assembly line feeding, and facility sizing problems [J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2024, 277: 109354.
[23] Scholl A. Balancing and sequencing of assembly lines [M]. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag, 1999.
