采用“一步法”合成了一种反应型含磷阻燃单体,通过低温溶液聚合将该单体引入聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺分子结构中,获得了含磷聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺,并就力学性能、热稳定性、阻燃性能展开了研究.结果表明,当含磷阻燃单体在二胺中的添加量达到5%(摩尔分数)时,含磷聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺的拉伸强度为94.9 MPa,拉伸模量达到1 619.8 MPa,玻璃化转变温度达到270.4℃,热重测试残炭率提高至69.3%,极限氧指数达到42.8%;相较于聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺,热释放能力下降41.1%,热释放速率峰值下降67.9%,热释放总量下降67.6%.因此,合成了一种高效率反应型含磷阻燃单体,并制备出了高阻燃性、高强度含磷聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺.
A reactive phosphorus-containing flame-retardant monomer was synthesized by a one-step method and introduced into the molecular chain of poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) by low-temperature solution polymerization to obtain the phosphorus-containing poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide), and its mechanical properties, thermal properties, and flame-retardant properties were investigated. The results show that when the addition of phosphorus-containing flame-retardant monomers in diamine reaches 5% (mole fraction), the tensile strength of the phosphorus-containing poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) remains at 94.9 MPa; the modulus reaches 1 619.8 MPa, and the glass transition temperature reaches 270.4 ℃; the residual carbon rate increases to 69.3% in thermogravimetric tests, and the limiting oxygen index reaches 42.8%. Compared with the poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide), the heat release capacity decreases by 41.1%; the peak heat release rate decreases by 67.9%, and the total heat release decreases by 67.6%. Therefore, the method synthesizes a highly efficient reactive phosphorus-containing flame-retardant monomer and prepares the phosphorus-containing poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) with excellent flame retardancy and high strength.
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