Dynamic path planning method considering traffic environment and battery capacity of pure electric vehicles
Received date: 2020-03-19
Online published: 2020-07-07
纯电动汽车作为替代传统燃料汽车的理想化交通工具, 凭借节能环保的优势得到了国内外业界的广泛关注. 但是由于纯电动汽车存在行驶过程中电量耗尽的风险, 故用户对于纯电动汽车电量不足的担忧成为制约其发展的一个重要因素. 对纯电动汽车进行合理的路径规划不仅有利于减少用户对电量不足引起的里程焦虑问题, 同时还对于提高道路资源利用率、缓解交通拥堵, 进而提升汽车能源利用率、减少温室气体排放等有重要意义. 当前的车辆路径规划问题通常仅基于用户在提出规划请求时的交通状态, 由于交通环境是一个动态变化的约束条件, 因此纯电动汽车用户在行驶一段时间后, 交通环境的变化可能会导致其需要实时更改行驶路径. 同时, 因行驶路径发生相应的变化, 车辆的剩余电池电量也会实时改变. 因此, 综合考虑交通环境的实时变化和汽车能源消耗的因素, 对研究纯电动汽车动态路径规划具有重要的意义. 根据当前国内外对路径规划的诸多研究, 结合对交通拥堵状态的预测, 以及纯电动汽车能源消耗估计这 3 方面进行了综述, 分析并总结了各个领域的技术难点与不足之处, 同时提出了未来进一步研究的方向.
史云阳, 苗阳, 席殷飞, 张奇, 刘志远 . 考虑交通环境和纯电动汽车电池电量的动态路径规划方法[J]. 上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2020 , 26(3) : 353 -366 . DOI: 10.12066/j.issn.1007-2861.2215
As an ideal alternative to traditional fuel vehicles, pure electric vehicles have been widely concerned by the domestic and foreign governments with the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection. However, due to the risk of electricity depletion in pure electric vehicles, users' worry about electricity shortage has become an important factor restricting the development of electric vehicles. On the other hand, the reasonable path planning for pure electric vehicles is not only conducive to improving the utilization rate of road resources, easing traffic congestion, but also of great significance to the energy utilization rate of vehicles and reducing emissions. The vehicle path planning problem is only based on the traffic status when the user is making a planning request, and giving several optional paths. However, the traffic environment is a dynamic constraint condition. Generally, users need to change the driving path in real time after driving for a certain period. Simultaneously, owing to the corresponding changes in the driving path, the remaining battery power of the vehicle also changes. Therefore, considering the real-time changes of traffic environment and the factors of vehicle energy consumption, it is of great significance to study the dynamic path planning of pure electric vehicles. According to many researches on route planning at home and abroad, this paper summarizes traffic congestion prediction, vehicle route planning and energy consumption estimation of pure electric vehicles, analyzes and summarizes the technical difficulties and research deficiencies in various fields. At the same time, the future research direction is also proposed.
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