Exosomes in the precision diagnosis and treatment of cancer

Expand
  • 1. Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China;
    2. Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China;
    3. Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China

Received date: 2017-04-03

  Online published: 2017-04-30

Abstract

Exosomes are nanoscale vesicle with a double lipid membrane structure, and can be secreted by almost all types of cells. Exosomes can carry nucleic acids and proteins, and play important roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes especially in cell communication and signal transduction. Tumor cell-derived exosomes have been proved to be involved in the regulation of tumor growth, invasion and metastasis process. Exosomes’ roles in the early diagnosis, prognosis prediction and therapeutics have been a hot topic. This review summarizes the role of exosomes in the development and metastasis of cancer, and its potential function in the individually precise treatment.

Cite this article

HU Muren1, CHEN Ting2, YANG Changqing3, GE Bujun1 . Exosomes in the precision diagnosis and treatment of cancer[J]. Journal of Shanghai University, 2017 , 23(2) : 161 -168 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2861.2017.02.003

References

[1] Mirnezami R, Nicholson J, Darzi A. Preparing for precision medicine [J]. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2012, 366(6): 489-491.
[2] Hugen C M, Zainfeld D E, Goldkorn A. Circulating tumor cells in genitourinary malignancies: an evolving path to precision medicine [J]. Frontiers in Oncology, 2017, 7: 1-6.

[3] Schmidt C. Metabolomics takes its place as latest up-and-coming “omic” science [J]. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2004, 96(10): 732-734.
[4] Manterola L, Guruceaga E, P´erez-Larraya J G, et al. A small noncoding RNA signature found in exosomes of GBM patient serum as a diagnostic tool [J]. Neuro-Oncology, 2014, 16(4): 520-527.
[5] Shao H, Chung J, Balaj L, et al. Protein typing of circulating microvesicles allows real-time monitoring of glioblastoma therapy [J]. Nature Medicine, 2012, 18(12): 1835-1840.
[6] Johnstone R M, Adam M, Hammond J R, et al. Vesicle formation during reticulocyte maturation. Association of plasma membrane activities with released vesicles (exosomes) [J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1987, 262(19): 9412-9420.
[7] Raposo G, Stoorvogel W. Extracellular vesicles: exosomes, microvesicles, and friends [J]. Journal of Cell Biology, 2013, 200(4): 373-383.
[8] Hosseini M, Khatamianfar S, Hassanian S M, et al. Exosome-encapsulated microRNAs as potential circulating biomarkers in colon cancer [J]. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2016, DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666161201144634.
[9] Ibrahim A, Marb´an E. Exosomes: fundamental biology and roles in cardiovascular physiology [J]. Annual Review of Physiology, 2016, 78: 67-83.
[10] Andaloussi S E L, M¨ager I, Breakefield X O, et al. Extracellular vesicles: biology and emerging therapeutic opportunities [J]. Nature Reviews: Drug Discovery, 2013, 12(5): 347-357.
[11] Corrado C, Raimondo S, Chiesi A, et al. Exosomes as intercellular signaling organelles involved in health and disease: basic science and clinical applications [J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2013, 14(3): 5338-5366.
[12] Lázaro-Ibánez E, Sanz-Garcia A, Visakorpi T, et al. Different gDNA content in the subpopulations of prostate cancer extracellular vesicles: apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes [J]. The Prostate, 2014, 74(14): 1379-1390.
[13] Kahlert C, Melo S A, Protopopov A, et al. Identification of double-stranded genomic DNA spanning all chromosomes with mutated KRAS and p53 DNA in the serum exosomes of patients with pancreatic cancer [J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2014, 289(7): 3869-3875.
[14] Sluijter J P, Verhage V, Deddens J C, et al. Microvesicles and exosomes for intracardiac communication [J]. Cardiovascular Research, 2014, 102(2): 302-311.
[15] Colombo M, Raposo G, Théry C. Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles [J]. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, 2014, 30: 255-289.
[16] Peinado H, Lavotshkin S, Lyden D. The secreted factors responsible for pre-metastatic niche formation: old sayings and new thoughts [J]. Seminars in Cancer Biology, 2011, 21(2): 139-146.
[17] Peinado H, Aleckovic M, Lavotshkin S. Melanoma exosomes educate bone marrow progenitor cells toward a pro-metastatic phenotype through MET [J]. Nature Medicine, 2012, 18(6): 883-891.
[18] Hoshino A, Costa-Silva B, Shen T L, et al. Tumour exosome integrins determine organotropic metastasis [J]. Nature, 2015, 527(7578): 329-335.

[19] Rana S, Malinowska K, Z¨oller M. Exosomal tumor microRNA modulates premetastatic organ cells [J]. Neoplasia, 2013, 15(3): 281-295.
[20] Zhang L, Zhang S Y, Yao J, et al. Microenvironment-induced PTEN loss by exosomal microRNA primes brain metastasis outgrowth [J]. Nature, 2015, 527(7576): 100-104.
[21] Cho W C. Molecular diagnostics for monitoring and predicting therapeutic effect in cancer [J]. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2011, 11(1): 9-12.
[22] Cho W C. Conquering cancer through discovery research [J]. IUBMB Life, 2010, 62(9): 655-659.
[23] Valadi H, Ekstr¨om K, Bossios A, et al. Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells [J]. Nature Cell Biology, 2007, 9(6): 654-659.
[24] Ratajczak J, Wysoczynski M, Hayek F, et al. Membrane-derived microvesicles: important and underappreciated mediators of cell-to-cell communication [J]. Leukemia, 2006, 20(9): 1487-1495.
[25] Gusachenko O N, Zenkova M A, Vlassov V V. Nucleic acids in exosomes: disease markers and intercellular communication molecules [J]. Biochemistry, 2013, 78(1): 1-7.
[26] Balaj L, Lessard R, Dai L, et al. Tumour microvesicles contain retrotransposon elements and amplified oncogene sequences [J]. Nature Communications, 2011, DOI:10.1038/ncomms1180.
[27] Taylor D D, Gercel-Taylor C. MicroRNA signatures of tumor-derived exosomes as diagnostic biomarkers of ovarian cancer [J]. Gynecologic Oncology, 2008, 110(1): 13-21.
[28] Mitchell P S, Parkin R K, Kroh E M, et al. Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection [J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2008, 105(30): 10513-10518.
[29] Hunter M P, Ismail N, Zhang X, et al. Detection of microRNA expression in human peripheral blood microvesicles [J]. PLoS One, 2008, 3(11): e3694.
[30] Machida T, Tomofuji T, Maruyama T, et al. miR1246 and miR4644 in salivary exosome as potential biomarkers for pancreatobiliary tract cancer [J]. Oncology Reports, 2016, 36(4):2375-2381.
[31] Baran J, Baj-Krzyworzeka M,Weglarczyk K, et al. Circulating tumour-derived microvesicles in plasma of gastric cancer patients [J]. Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, 2010, 59(6): 841-850.
[32] Rabinowits G, Gerc¸el-Taylor C, Day J M, et al. Exosomal microRNA: a diagnostic marker for lung cancer [J]. Clinical Lung Cancer, 2009, 10(1): 42-46.
[33] Tanaka Y, Kamohara H, Kinoshita K, et al. Clinical impact of serum exosomal microRNA-21 as a clinical biomarker in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [J]. Cancer, 2013, 119(6): 1159-1167.
[34] Hannafon B N, Trigoso Y D, Calloway C L, et al. Plasma exosome microRNAs are indicative of breast cancer [J]. Breast Cancer Research, 2016, 18(1): 1-14.
[35] Liu C, Eng C, Shen J J, et al. Serum exosomal miR-4772-3p is a predictor of tumor recurrence in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲcolon cancer [J]. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(46): 76250-76260.
[36] Que R S, Ding G P, Chen J H, et al. Analysis of serum exosomal microRNAs and clinicopathologic features of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma [J]. World Journal of Surgical Oncology, 2013, DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-11-219.

[37] Rupp A K, Rupp C, Keller S, et al. Loss of EpCAM expression in breast cancer derived serum exosomes: role of proteolytic cleavage [J]. Gynecologic Oncology, 2011, 122(2): 437-446.
[38] Moon P G, Lee J E, Cho Y E, et al. Fibronectin on circulating extracellular vesicles as a liquid biopsy to detect breast cancer [J]. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(26): 40189-40199.
[39] Moon P G, Lee J E, Cho Y E, et al. Identification of developmental endothelial locus-1 on circulating extracellular vesicles as a novel biomarker for early breast cancer detection [J]. Clinical Cancer Research, 2016, 22(7): 1757-1766.
[40] Melo S A, Luecke L B, Kahlert C, et al. Glypican-1 identifies cancer exosomes and detects early pancreatic cancer [J]. Nature, 2015, 523(7559): 177-182.
[41] Szajnik M, Derbis M, Lach M, et al. Exosomes in plasma of patients with ovarian carcinoma: potential biomarkers of tumor progression and response to therapy [J]. Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2013, DOI: 10.4172/2161-0932. S4-003.
[42] Khan S, Bennit H F, Turay D, et al. Early diagnostic value of survivin and its alternative splice variants in breast cancer [J]. BMC Cancer, 2014, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-176.
[43] Yoshioka Y, Kosaka N, Konishi Y, et al. Ultra-sensitive liquid biopsy of circulating extracellular vesicles using ExoScreen [J]. Nature Communications, 2014, DOI:10.1038/ncomms4591.
[44] Beckham C J, Olsen J, Yin P N, et al. Bladder cancer exosomes contain EDIL-3/Del1 and facilitate cancer progression [J]. The Journal of Urology, 2014, 192(2): 583-592.
[45] Alvarez-Erviti L, Seow Y, Yin H F, et al. Delivery of siRNA to the mouse brain by systemic injection of targeted exosomes [J]. Nature Biotechnology, 2011, 29(4): 341-345.
[46] Ohno S, Takanashi M, Sudo K, et al. Systemically injected exosomes targeted to EGFR deliver antitumor microRNA to breast cancer cells [J]. Molecular Therapy, 2013, 21(1): 185-191.
[47] Shtam T A, Kovalev R A, Varfolomeeva E Y, et al. Exosomes are natural carriers of exogenous siRNA to human cells in vitro [J]. Cell Communication and Signaling, 2013, DOI:10.1186/1478-811X-11-88.
[48] Escudier B, Dorval T, Chaput N, et al. Vaccination of metastatic melanoma patients with autologous dendritic cell (DC) derived-exosomes: results of thefirst phaseⅠclinical trial[J]. Journal of Translational Medicine, 2005, DOI:10.1186/1479-5876-3-10.
[49] Morse M A, Garst J, Osada T, et al. A phaseⅠstudy of dexosome immunotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer [J]. Journal of Translational Medicine, 2005, DOI:10.1186/1479-5876-3-9.
[50] Viaud S, Ploix S, Lapierre V, et al. Updated technology to produce highly immunogenic dendritic cell-derived exosomes of clinical grade: a critical role of interferon-gamma [J]. Journal of Immunotherapy, 2011, 34(1): 65-75.
[51] Besse B, Charrier M, Lapierre V, et al. Dendritic cell-derived exosomes as maintenance immunotherapy after first line chemotherapy in NSCLC [J]. Oncoimmunology, 2016, 5(4):e1071008.
[52] Tian Y H, Li S P, Song J, et al. A doxorubicin delivery platform using engineered natural membrane vesicle exosomes for targeted tumor therapy [J]. Biomaterials, 2014, 35(7): 2383-2390.

Outlines

/