Abstract: Aged Liang Qi-chao’s thinking has a distinct tendency of cultural conservatism. He gives more positive response to the traditional culture of Confucianism and defends Confucianism as the quintessence of the Chinese traditional culture, and, according to the spirit of the times, gives an interpretation of the rational factors of science. After returning from Europe, Liang Qi-chao changes his view on faith in science and makes a reflection on the disadvantages of scientism, especially on its social value and cultural meaning. In essence, he is a man who advocates that the world must come together as one in China. And, based on this, he puts forward the slogan of building a nation of cosmopolitanism.

Key words: scientism, Confucian value, cosmopolitanism, Liang Qi-chao